Particle properties

The standard model of particle physics classifies particles into elementary leptons and hadrons composed of quarks. There exists an alternate ordering principle based on a second order differential equation giving a convergent series of particle energies to be quantized as a function of the fine-structure constant, α, with limits given by the energy values of the electron and the Higgs boson. The series expansion of the energy equation provides quantitative terms for Coulomb, strong and gravitational interaction. The value of α can be approximated numerically by the gamma functions of the integrals for calculating particle energy in a photon and a point charge representation. Preliminary results for other particle properties such as magnetic moment, decay channels or scattering features exist.

The basic terms of the model may be derived directly from the framework of the Einstein field equations.

Necessary input parameters for all calculations can be reduced to elementary charge and electric constant in natural units.