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Published November 12, 2019 | Version Author proof, submitted to EHP
Preprint Open

A code of practice for the conduct of systematic reviews in toxicology and environmental health research (COSTER)

Creators

  • 1. Lancaster University
  • 2. European Food Safety Authority
  • 3. ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety)
  • 4. Karolinska Institutet
  • 5. University of Brighton
  • 6. Imperial College London
  • 7. Radboudumc
  • 8. Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
  • 9. Yordas Group
  • 10. The Endocrine Disruption Exchange
  • 11. University of California, San Francisco and California State University
  • 12. Royal Society of Chemistry
  • 13. Brunel University London
  • 14. Harper Adams University
  • 15. Gradient
  • 16. Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
  • 17. McGRADE Centre and Michael G De Groote Cochrane Canada Centre, Dept. of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University
  • 18. ToxStrategies

Description

Background: There are several standards which make explicit a consensus view on sound practice in systematic reviews (SRs) for the medical sciences. Until now, no equivalent standard has been published for SRs which focus on human health risks posed by exposure to environmental challenges, chemical or otherwise.

Objectives: To develop an expert, cross-sector consensus on a core set of requirements for sound practice in planning and conducting a SR in the environmental health sciences.

Methods: A draft set of requirements was derived from two existing standards for SRs in biomedicine and discussed at an international workshop of 33 participants from government, industry, non-government organisations, and academia. The guidance was revised over six follow-up webinars and several rounds of email feedback, until there was group consensus that a comprehensive framework for the planning and conduct of high-quality environmental health SRs had been articulated.

Results: The Conduct of Systematic Reviews in Toxicology and Environmental Health Research (COSTER) standard is a code of practice consisting of 70 requirements across eight performance domains, representing the consensus view of a diverse group of experts as to what constitutes “sound and good” practice in the conduct of environmental health SRs.

Discussion: COSTER provides a set of sound-practice requirements which, if followed, should facilitate the production of credible, high-value SRs of environmental health evidence. COSTER clarifies sound and good practice in a number of controversial aspects of SR conduct, providing requirements relating to management of conflicts of interest, inclusion of grey literature, and protocol registration and publication. Not all of the practices are yet commonplace, but environmental health SRs would benefit from their introduction. Some aspects of SR, such as assessment of external validity at the level of individual study, are not yet sufficiently developed for consensus on sound practice to be achieved.

Files

191106 - Whaley et al - COSTER Manuscript - Zenodo Upload.pdf

Files (23.6 MB)

Additional details

Related works

Cites
Journal article: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.11.002 (DOI)
Is cited by
Preprint: 10.5281/zenodo.1319759 (DOI)