Integrating Metta Into CBT: How Loving Kindness and Compassion Meditation Can Enhance CBT for Treating Anxiety and Depression

Background: Loving kindness meditation and compassion meditation are traditional Buddhist practices that have recently been introduced and investigated in psychotherapy with promising results. Both meditation practices emphasize metta, a mental state of positive energy and kindness towards oneself and other beings, as opposed to the anger, hostility, or self-loathing that often accompany emotional problems.

Method: We conducted a qualitative review of the literature to produce an integrative review.

Results: Metta meditation appears to be particularly useful for treating depression and social anxiety, both characterized by low positive affect and negative attitudes and core beliefs about the self.

Conclusion: Metta meditation can aid therapy by promoting more adaptive self-images, social connectedness, and emotional experiences.

Loving kindness and compassion meditation (metta) have been recently introduced in psychotherapy.

Metta addresses shame, anger, and hostility, and promotes an accepting attitude towards oneself.

Metta meditation increases positive affect.

Metta meditation can be particularly useful in social anxiety and depression.