AGROECOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SOUTHERN FORAGE CROPS IN THE NATURAL CONDITIONS OF THE NOVGOROD REGION

We studied the possibility of expanding to the north the range of growing paisa, chumiza, mohar, millet, and African millet. High adaptive properties of these crops and their varieties during cultivation in the conditions of the Novgorod region are revealed. When sowing in the third decade of May, the studied crops can be used for green fodder and hay from middle of July to September, in the cold years - during August, for harvesting silage and haylage from middle of August almost until frost. On average for 2015-2018 the maximum plant's height was obtained from the paisley varieties Gulliveria (135 cm) and Stapize (129 cm). A stable yield of green mass in the studied years was established in the varieties paisa (35.4-50.7 t / ha), chumiza (27.8-33.7 t / ha). Mohar Stamoga also obtained a guaranteed high rate of this trait (36.9 t / ha). In years with a lack of heat, the yield of pares decreased by 9.1-24.6 t / ha, of chumiza by 5.8-29.5 t / ha In other crops, productivity decreased by 2 or more times. According to the dry matter content of crude protein, paisa Gotica (20.69%), mohar Athlete (14.57%), chumiza Strela (13.77%) are distinguished. Comply with GOST for the content of raw protein paisa Stapize, mohar Stepnoy Mayak, millet sowing Regent (11.73-12.79%). In terms of energy potentiality (in OE and KE) they correspond to the requirements of the Gotica style, the chumiza Strela. More than 4 tons of dry matter per 1 ha were obtained from all varieties of paisa, mohar Stamoga and Stepnoy Mayak, chumiza Olya, millet African Sogur and millet sowing Zolotaya Orda. At paisa Stapize, the collection of protein per 1 ha is 953.2 kg, and paisa Gotica - 876.8 kg.

Keywords:  introduction, adaptation, green mass, paisa, mohar, chumiza, African millet, sowing millet.