ТЕОРЕТИЧНА ПІДГОТОВКА УЧНІВ ДУХОВНИХ СЕМІНАРІЙ ДО ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В ОСТАННІЙ ЧВЕРТІ ХІХ СТОЛІТТЯ (НА МАТЕРІАЛАХ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ГУБЕРНІЙ)

The experience of theoretical training of students of Volyn, Yekaterinoslav, Kyiv, Odessa, Podillya, Poltava, Tavria, Kharkiv and Chernihiv theological seminaries for educational work has been summarized in the article based on the analysis of primary sources and source study literature. It is offered to creatively actualize pedagogically valuable groundwork of teachers of secondary theological educational institutions of the last quarter of the nineteenth century in the aspect mentioned in modern theological and pedagogical educational institutions in order to improve pedagogical education in them.

The general characteristic of the program of Didactics, which was introduced in accordance with the requirements of the Statute of Orthodox seminaries in 1884, has been given. Based on the analysis of documentation presented in religious periodicals, archival materials and contemporary of source study literature, the basic forms and methods used in the theoretical training of seminarians for pedagogical activity have been covered. The effect of class size, the number of weekly lessons on Didactics and also of requirements and recommendations of the Holy Synod on the quality of pedagogical education in secondary religious school has been determined. The disadvantages of teaching and methodological provision of teaching Pedagogy and Didactics have been revealed. We managed to establish that improving the quality of teaching Didactics in the last quarter of the nineteenth century was associated with the publication of the work of S. Myropolskyi ”Textbook of Didactics. Issue I. General Didactics”, which was approved for use in theological seminaries as “educational guidance”.

The dependence of the professionalism of pedagogical staff for theological seminaries on the level of organization of pedagogical education in the theological academies of the Russian Empire has been determined. It has been found that low wages and work load were the main factors that negatively influenced the activity of teachers of Didactics and Pedagogy. The scientific achievements of individual teachers who taught these educational disciplines have been presented: the tutor of the Podillya Theological Academy M. Bunin, the teacher of the Kharkov Theological Seminary M. Strakhov, the teacher of the Poltava Theological Seminary V. Konopatov.