D4.4 Enabling rapid and far-reaching change by Financing and Insurance

This public deliverable presents the implementation of financing and insurance solutions developed across the IMPETUS Demonstration Sites during the period October 2021 to March 2025. It covers the activities carried out under WP4 Tasks 4.13 to 4.16, grouped within Bundle 3: Enabling rapid and far-reaching change by demonstrating Financing and Insurance.

The deliverable reports four complementary lines of work. In Catalonia, a satellite-based coastal monitoring system was developed using SAR, Landsat and Sentinel data to assess long-term erosion and accretion patterns and identify vulnerable coastal areas. In Valle dei Laghi, the work explored innovative index-based insurance products for agriculture, forestry and hydropower, using historical insurance claims, weather information and vulnerability data to support the design of parametric insurance approaches.

In East Attica, a Water-Energy Masterplan and associated business plan were developed to support the reuse of treated wastewater for agricultural and industrial purposes, combining technical adaptation measures with potential financial mechanisms for long-term implementation. In parallel, the project assessed the economic impacts of physical climate risks across the Demonstration Sites, mapping regional datasets and compiling information on both market and non-market costs to support social cost-benefit analyses in other IMPETUS work packages.

Overall, the deliverable shows how financing mechanisms, insurance products, economic assessment and Earth Observation can complement technical adaptation measures. These approaches help strengthen the economic case for climate adaptation, support investment decisions and improve the financial resilience of regions exposed to climate-related risks.