Published June 1, 2026
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A phenomenological mass--charge regularity in first generation charged fermions
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Description
A nontrivial empirical regularity relating electric charge and fermion masses is noted in the charged first generation of the Standard Model. Using Particle Data Group (PDG 2024) values, the hierarchy,
|Qd| < |Qu| < |Qe| =⇒ md > mu > me
is observed.
A minimal phenomenological parametrization reproduces the observed order of magnitude of the light charged fermion masses with no continuous free parameters once
the electron mass is used as input.
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A_phenomenological_mass_charge_regularity_in_first_generation_charged_fermions.pdf
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