Published July 7, 2026 | Version v2

A phenomenological mass charge regularity in first generation charged fermions

Description

A nontrivial empirical regularity relating electric charge and fermion masses is noted in the charged first generation of the Standard Model. Using Particle Data Group (PDG 2024) values, the hierarchy,

|Qd| < |Qu| < |Qe| =⇒ md > mu > me

is observed.

A minimal phenomenological parametrization reproduces the observed order of magnitude of the light charged fermion masses with no continuous free parameters once
the electron mass is used as input.

Files

v_2 A phenomenological mass charge regularity in first generation charged fermions.pdf