[Research 5-1] Electromagnetic Rotational Resonance Cosmology: [A Resonant Field and Matter Circulation Model Based on Absolute Temperature (0 K)]

The Big Bang theory, which constitutes the standard model of modern cosmology, has played a pivotal role in explaining the origin and evolution of the universe. However, it still encompasses fundamental unresolved issues. In particular, the discrepancy in the measured values of the Hubble constant (H₀), known as the Hubble tension, and the lack of a physically consistent description of the initial singularity reveal significant interpretational limitations of the current framework.

To address these limitations, this study departs from the conventional view that interprets the universe as a result of explosive expansion. Instead, it redefines the universe as an electromagnetic resonance field grounded in absolute temperature (0 K = −273 °C). Within this framework, the origin of the universe is described in terms of resonance contractive pressure, and the processes of matter formation, evolution, and even the emergence of life are interpreted as a continuous and unified mechanism of generation and circulation.