AntifragiCity - D2.5 - Ontology

- Pending approval from the European Commission -

This deliverable presents the AntifragiCity Ontology as a semantic foundation for modelling antifragile, equitable and data-intensive urban mobility systems within the AntifragiCity project. Building on a structured extraction of requirements and concepts from project documentation and stakeholder inputs, the ontology formalises key entities, processes, events, states and indicators related to disruptions, responses, socio-technical systems, governance, equity and long-term learning. A 12-class meta-model provides a stable upper structure, which is instantiated through modular ontology components covering transport networks, social and equity aspects, environmental and climate stressors, governance and policy instruments, observations and KPIs, data provenance and antifragility dynamics. The ontology is specified in OWL, complemented by rule patterns (e.g. SWRL) and validation constraints, and is designed to be deployed as a knowledge graph integrated with digital twins, multi-agent systems and AI analytics. Instantiation guidelines and illustrative use cases are provided for the pilot cities of Bratislava, Larissa, Odessa, and Thessaloniki focusing on flood disruptions, heatwaves and port-related crises, respectively. Competency questions derived from the requirements serve as the main validation mechanism and inform the design of SPARQL query templates and rule-based reasoning patterns. The deliverable also outlines the integration of the ontology with decision-support and participatory tools, and proposes a validation and evaluation framework addressing conceptual soundness, practical usability, technical performance and extensibility. Remaining gaps, data dependencies and future work are identified to guide subsequent implementation, empirical evaluation and potential reuse beyond the project.