Published February 3, 2026 | Version v1
Journal article Open

On Ekeland Variational Principle in Asymmetric b-Metric Spaces

  • 1. Department of Mathematics, Federal University, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria.

Description

This paper extends the Ekeland Variational Principle (EVP) to the setting of asymmetric b-metric spaces,
which generalize both asymmetric metric and b-metric spaces. By distinguishing forward, backward and bi-
completeness, we establish corresponding forward, backward and bi-complete version of EVP. Examples are
provided to demonstrate that forward and backward principles may yield different minimizers while the bi-complete
EVP reduces to the classical EVP when symmetry holds. As an application, we obtain a forward and backward
Cartisi-type fixed point theorem. These results broaden the scope of EVP and offer a new tools for optimization
and fixed-point theory in asymmetric frameworks.

Files

A_Yusuf-PJSE.pdf

Files (774.2 kB)

Name Size Download all
md5:38da5ef9ef9831e15cf5f330253ce39d
774.2 kB Preview Download