Traumatic Vitreous Hemorrhage Following Cow Horn Injury: A Case Report

Abstract

Background: Traumatic vitreous haemorrhage is a vision-threatening complication that may arise following blunt or penetrating ocular injury. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial in preventing permanent visual impairment. This report presents a case of vitreous haemorrhage associated with blunt trauma by a cow horn, highlighting the clinical features, investigations, and initial management. Case Presentation: A 51-year-old female presented with redness, pain, swelling, and sudden loss of vision in the right eye after a cow horn injury. Examination revealed conjunctival chemosis, subconjunctival haemorrhage, Descemet’s folds, vitreous haemorrhage, and associated choroidal detachment, with visual acuity reduced to counting fingers. Management: The patient was treated with Homide eye drops twice daily and Prednisolone eye drops three times daily, and advised close follow-up to monitor for delayed retinal complications. Conclusion: Early diagnosis, careful retinal evaluation, and timely management are essential in traumatic vitreous haemorrhage to prevent permanent visual impairment, with ultrasonography playing a key role when media opacity limits fundus view.