RELATIONSHIP OF DIETARY HABIT AND CHRONIC DISEASE: A STUDY ON NAOGAON DISTRICT, BANGLADESH

Abstract

Chronic illnesses, including diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, are becoming more common, especially in low- and middle-income nations. One key factor contributing to this burden is unhealthy eating habits. It is rare to find evidence in Bangladesh that links specific food patterns to particular health outcomes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between adult chronic illnesses and eating habits. The study identifies three dietary patterns: the Westernized pattern, characterized by a high intake of meat, red meat, dairy products, eggs, saturated fat, and sodium; the Fats & Sugar pattern, characterized by a high intake of vegetable fats and added sugars; and the Fruits & Vegetables pattern. Interestingly, the results show that the Westernized diet is significantly associated with an increased risk of hypertension (OR = 3.90, 95% CI; p < 0.05).  On the other hand, individuals who favor fruits and vegetables are less likely to have chronic diseases, specifically hypertension (OR = 0.243, 95% CI; p < 0.05) and diabetes (OR = 0.208, 95% CI; p < 0.05). This suggests that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables is protective for health, while a westernized eating style poses a significant health risk. No significant relationship is apparent between the Fats & Sugar pattern and hypertension or diabetes.