Development of model for calculation of carbon emissions during distribution of Fruits and Vegetables in- and into Norway

The Norwegian food market is dominated by three major retail chains, which manage their own 
distribution systems with the support of one main third-party import provider. Although parts of goods 
are transported by train, the majority relies on trucks, posing significant challenges for sustainability. 
Main warehouses coexist with regional ones for fruits and vegetables, leading to increased transport 
frequency and energy use. Transparency across supply chains is essential to optimize energy 
consumption, minimize food loss and waste, and lower CO₂ emissions. By improving cooling 
technologies, reforming transport logistics, and integrating innovative sustainability practices, Norway’s 
food sector can address growing cooling demands while advancing toward reduced carbon footprints. 
The work identifies imports and outlines a methodology for calculating transport routes. It describes 
the Norwegian supply chain structure, including warehouses, packing plants, and store distribution. A 
regional case study demonstrates route calculations and explains the process for determining transport 
volumes to supermarkets