Published October 31, 2025 | Version v1
Journal article Open

MASA PARAVERTEBRAL PROFUNDA COMO PRIMERA MANIFESTACIÓN DE LINFOMA DIFUSO DE CÉLULAS B GRANDES: REPORTE DE CASOS Y REVISIÓN DIAGNÓSTICA

  • 1. Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
  • 2. Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia
  • 3. Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia.
  • 4. Corporación Universitaria Alexander Von Humboldt, Armenia, Colombia.

Description

El linfoma difuso de células B grandes (LDCBG) es el subtipo más frecuente de linfoma no Hodgkin, representando entre el 25 y el 30% de los casos a nivel mundial. Aunque su presentación habitual es nodal, puede manifestarse en sitios extranodales como el tubo digestivo, el sistema nervioso central, los riñones, la piel y, de manera poco común, en forma de masas paravertebrales profundas. Estas localizaciones inusuales constituyen un reto diagnóstico, pues suelen simular sarcomas, metástasis o infecciones crónicas, lo que puede retrasar el inicio del tratamiento adecuado. El objetivo de este informe es describir dos casos clínicos de LDCBG con compromiso paravertebral profundo, resaltando la importancia del abordaje multidisciplinario precoz. Para la revisión, se realizó una búsqueda narrativa en PubMed y bases indexadas, enfocada en epidemiología, estrategias diagnósticas, hallazgos histopatológicos y esquemas terapéuticos en LDCBG extranodal. Los hallazgos evidencian que, aunque infrecuente, el LDCBG paravertebral se asocia a comportamiento agresivo, síntomas constitucionales, LDH elevada e índices proliferativos altos (Ki-67 >70%). La Resonancia Magnética y la Tomografía por Emisión de Positrones, junto con la inmunohistoquímica, son fundamentales para un diagnóstico certero. En conclusión, estos casos destacan la necesidad de considerar al LDCBG en el diagnóstico diferencial de masas paravertebrales y remarcan la importancia del tratamiento oportuno con inmunoquimioterapia para mejorar el pronóstico.

Abstract (English)

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent subtype of non Hodgkin lymphoma, accounting for approximately 25–30% of cases worldwide. Although its typical presentation is nodal, it may also arise in extranodal sites such as the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, kidneys, skin, and, less commonly, as deep paraspinal masses. These unusual locations represent a diagnostic challenge, as they may mimic sarcomas, metastases, or chronic infections, potentially delaying appropriate therapy. The objective of this report is to describe two clinical cases of DLBCL with deep paraspinal involvement, emphasizing the importance of early multidisciplinary management. A narrative literature review was conducted in PubMed and indexed databases, focusing on epidemiology, diagnostic strategies, histopathological findings, and therapeutic approaches in extranodal DLBCL. Findings show that, although rare, paraspinal DLBCL is associated with aggressive behavior, constitutional symptoms, elevated LDH, and high proliferative indices (Ki-67 >70%). Magnetic resonance imaging and PET-CT, combined with immunohistochemistry, are essential for an accurate diagnosis. In conclusion, these cases highlight the need to consider DLBCL in the differential diagnosis of paraspinal masses and underscore the importance of timely initiation of immunochemotherapy to improve outcomes.

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Additional details

Additional titles

Translated title (English)
DEEP PARASPINAL MASS AS THE FIRST MANIFESTATION OF DIFFUSE LARGE B-CELL LYMPHOMA: CASE REPORTS AND DIAGNOSTIC REVIEW

Identifiers

ISSN
2530-5468

Dates

Submitted
2025-09-10
Accepted
2025-10-13

Software

References

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