Bulletin JM Compressé avec Merkle et Signature PQC Agrégée

Abstract EN

This document, produced with the assistance of ChatGPT o3 and GPT-5 Thinking, is released under the Apache 2.0 license. It is a voluntary defensive publication (prior art) and therefore enters the prior art upon release under the applicable patent statutes: EPC Art. 54(2) (European Patent Convention), French IPC/CPI Art. L 611-11 (French Intellectual Property Code), 35 U.S.C. §102(a) (United States Patent Act), Chinese Patent Law Art. 22(5) (中华人民共和国专利法), and Japanese Patent Act Art. 29(1) (特許法). This  publication is covering a complete, implementable stack for sovereign, post-quantum Majority Judgment (JM) e-voting: compact 3-bit ballots, Merkle aggregation, PQC signatures, DID-based eligibility, Kyber+threshold secrecy, JM-specific verifiability (Merkle/zk), energy-aware ops, EMSEC hardening, custody and calibration tooling, and C2PA/CBOR evidence packs. All proposals are enabling, classified with IPC and CPC codes, and accompanied by timestamp proof (RFC 3161 / FreeTSA). This publication aims to maximize interoperability, auditability, and equitable access while minimizing environmental and operational risk.

Résumé FR

Ce document, produit avec l’assistance de ChatGPT o3 et GPT-5 Thinking, est diffusé sous licence Apache 2.0. Il constitue une publication défensive volontaire (antériorité) et entre, dès sa diffusion publique, dans l’art antérieur au titre des régimes suivants : CBE art. 54(2), CPI art. L 611-11, 35 U.S.C. §102(a), Loi chinoise sur les brevets art. 22(5) (中华人民共和国专利法), et Loi japonaise sur les brevets art. 29(1) (特許法). Cette publication couvre une pile complète et implémentable pour le vote en ligne au Jugement Majoritaire (JM) post-quantique : bulletins 3 bits, agrégation Merkle, signatures PQC, éligibilité via DID, secret Kyber+seuil, vérifiabilité JM (Merkle/zk), pilotage énergétique, durcissement EMSEC, chaîne de garde & calibration, et paquets de preuves C2PA/CBOR. Chaque proposition est « enabling », classée IPC/CPC et accompagnée d’une preuve d’horodatage (RFC 3161 / FreeTSA) afin de favoriser l’interopérabilité, l’auditabilité et l’accès équitable.

Timestamp: 2025-09-13T17:37:06Z
SHA-256: 5af582e12ce3914ce7423c52164df7f171f6765d323e6167b84e0efeefb7ae2a

INNOVATIONS & CLASSIFICATION (IPC ; CPC)

1. 3-bit JM mention encoding — IPC G06F 7/06 ; CPC G07C 13/02

2. Compact ballot with digest — IPC G07C 13/00 ; CPC G07C 13/02

3. Merklize encrypted ballots — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

4. Aggregated PQC root signature — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

5. XMSS anti-reuse via HSM — IPC G06F 21/57 ; CPC G06F 21/57

6. Ephemeral DID voting token — IPC G06F 21/62 ; CPC G06F 21/62

7. PQC encryption with threshold — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

8. Merkle proof of median — IPC G07C 13/00 ; CPC G07C 13/02

9. zk median proof (option) — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

10. Qualified eIDAS timestamping — IPC G06Q 50/26 ; CPC H04L 9/32

11. Federated multi-region Merkle — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

12. Verifiable voter receipt — IPC G07C 13/00 ; CPC G07C 13/02

13. Digital booth with paper audit — IPC G07C 13/00 ; CPC G07C 13/02

14. Energy-aware Merkle streaming — IPC G06F 9/48 ; CPC G06F 9/48

15. Policy-as-code with OPA/Rego — IPC G06F 21/62 ; CPC G06F 21/62

16. Anomaly governor — IPC G06F 11/07 ; CPC G06F 11/36

17. PQ testbench and fault injection — IPC G06F 11/25 ; CPC G06F 11/36

18. Offline DID revocation list — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

19. Anti-coercion re-vote — IPC G07C 13/00 ; CPC G07C 13/02

20. “Green” BFT ledger + C2PA — IPC G06Q 20/00 ; CPC G06Q 20/3829

21. Dual-signature PQC migration — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

22. PQC verifier precompile — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

23. PoS × personhood consensus — IPC H04L 67/10 ; CPC H04L 67/306

24. ZK proof of execution (fiscal) — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

25. Energy SLA controller — IPC G06F 9/50 ; CPC G06F 9/5075

26. JM tally + Merkle commit — IPC G07C 13/00 ; CPC G07C 13/02

27. Kyber t-of-n ballot secrecy — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

28. Role-based PQC tiering — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

29. Multi-TSA re-timestamping — IPC G06Q 50/26 ; CPC G06Q 50/26

30. qRNG-attested PQ keygen — IPC H04L 9/08 ; CPC H04L 9/08

31. FEC on compact ballot — IPC H03M 7/30 ; CPC H03M 7/30

32. Sparse-candidate encoding — IPC H03M 7/30 ; CPC G06F 7/06

33. Client side-channel hardening — IPC G06F 21/75 ; CPC G06F 21/75

34. Modular RF-shielded booth — IPC H05K 9/00 ; CPC H05K 9/00

35. Tamper-evident kiosk chassis — IPC G06F 1/18 ; CPC G06F 1/18

36. PQC-secure firmware updates — IPC H04L 9/08 ; CPC H04L 9/082

37. Verifiable voice/haptic UX — IPC G06F 3/01 ; CPC G06F 3/16

38. On-device cancelable biometrics — IPC G06K 9/00 ; CPC G06K 9/62

39. OCR cross-check of receipts — IPC G06K 9/00 ; CPC G06V 30/20

40. Secure watermark on receipts — IPC B42D 25/29 ; CPC B42D 25/29

41. DTN transport for ballots — IPC H04L 12/26 ; CPC H04L 12/26

42. PSI for voter-rolls — IPC G06F 21/62 ; CPC H04L 9/32

43. Signed kiosk calibration — IPC G01R 35/00 ; CPC G01R 35/00

44. Sensorized custody flight-case — IPC B65D 81/00 ; CPC G08B 13/24

45. Offline client with ephemeral keys — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

46. Verifiable time synchronization — IPC H04L 7/00 ; CPC H04L 7/033

47. Tally proof compression — IPC G06F 7/06 ; CPC H03M 7/30

48. M-of-N open/close control — IPC G07C 9/00 ; CPC G07C 9/00

49. Active-active network redundancy — IPC H04L 1/16 ; CPC H04L 1/16

50. Differential privacy for turnout — IPC G06F 21/62 ; CPC G06F 21/62

51. PCB anti-intrusion mesh — IPC G06F 1/18 ; CPC G06F 21/57

52. EMI leakage probe — IPC G01R 31/26 ; CPC G01R 31/26

53. Micro-louver conductive filter — IPC G02B 27/28 ; CPC G02B 27/283

54. Anti-shoulder thermal sensing — IPC G01J 5/08 ; CPC G01J 5/08

55. Active anti-camera optics — IPC H04N 5/225 ; CPC H04N 5/225

56. RF SDR booth sniffer — IPC H04B 17/00 ; CPC H04B 17/318

57. Voter-verifiable builds — IPC G06F 21/57 ; CPC G06F 8/70

58. Verified election config compiler — IPC G06F 8/70 ; CPC G06F 11/36

59. Formal JM tally spec — IPC G07C 13/00 ; CPC G07C 13/02

60. VDF time-lock for fairness — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

61. Witness sampling and challenges — IPC G07C 13/00 ; CPC G07C 13/02

62. Unlinkability via shuffles — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC H04L 9/32

63. k-anonymity by canton grouping — IPC G06F 21/62 ; CPC G06F 21/62

64. Adaptive sparse ballot codec — IPC H03M 7/30 ; CPC G06F 7/06

65. CBOR + C2PA proof pack — IPC G06F 16/38 ; CPC G06F 16/38

66. Multi-proof Merkle aggregator — IPC G06F 7/06 ; CPC H03M 7/30

67. Canary release with breaker — IPC G06F 11/36 ; CPC G06F 9/50

68. Verifiable anti-flood tokens — IPC H04L 29/06 ; CPC H04L 29/06

69. Emergency social key rotation — IPC H04L 9/32 ; CPC G06F 21/57

70. PQC measured boot — IPC G06F 21/57 ; CPC H04L 9/32

71. One-time debug port lock — IPC G06F 1/18 ; CPC G06F 21/57

72. qRNG provisioning station — IPC H04L 9/08 ; CPC H04L 9/082

73. NFC seal inventory ledger — IPC G06Q 20/3829 ; CPC G06Q 20/3829

74. Tabletop red-team simulator — IPC G06F 11/36 ; CPC G06F 11/36

75. Behavioral bot detection — IPC G06N 20/00 ; CPC G06F 21/62

76. Bayesian turnout baselines — IPC G06N 20/00 ; CPC G06F 17/18

77. UI watermark anti-photo — IPC H04N 1/44 ; CPC H04N 1/44

78. Crowdsourced witness time — IPC H04L 7/00 ; CPC H04L 7/033

79. Paper fallback with short codes — IPC G07C 13/00 ; CPC G07C 13/02

80. All-in-one NGO observer app — IPC G06F 21/62 ; CPC G06F 16/38

KEYWORDS
majority judgment, merkle tree, hash-based signatures, XMSS, LMS, HSS, post-quantum cryptography, Kyber, threshold decryption, verifiable credentials, decentralized identity, revocation list, eIDAS timestamp, proof of median, zero-knowledge, zkSNARK, OPA Rego, bug bounty, HSM, tamper-resistant, BFT ledger, C2PA, energy budgeting, GPU pipelining, voter verifiability, dual-signature, migration, Dilithium, precompile, runtime, verifier, consensus, personhood, PoS, zk-snark, execution-proof, rebase, energy-SLA, autoscaling, telemetry, tally, merkle-commit, audit, kyber, threshold, ballot-privacy, ml-dsa, policy, tiering, timestamp, eIDAS, notarization, qRNG, attestation, key-management, FEC, BCH, LDPC, sparse-encoding, rle, varint, side-channel, constant-time, tvla, faraday-cage, shielding, emsec, tamper-evident, rollback, firmware-update, accessibility, audio-ui, haptics, cancelable-biometrics, liveness, ocr, cross-check, reconciliation, watermark, anti-forgery, dtn, store-and-forward, private-set-intersection, oprf, calibration, chain-of-custody, offline, ephemeral-keys, relay, time-sync, roughtime, ptp, proof-compression, cbor, zstd, quorum, access-control, nfc, link-bonding, ha, failover, differential-privacy, epsilon, analytics, tamper-mesh, pcb, wipe, em-leakage, fft, emsec, privacy-filter, ito, optics, thermal, shoulder-surfing, proximity, anti-camera, ir-flood, flicker, sdr, rf-detection, imsi, reproducible-builds, attestation, qr, dsl, formal-verification, tla+, formal-spec, median, conformance, vdf, time-lock, fairness, witness, vrf, audit, shuffle, mixnet, commitment, k-anonymity, aggregation, privacy, adaptive-codec, rle, varint, cbor, c2pa, manifest, merkle-aggregation, prefix-share, api, canary, circuit-breaker, rollback, rate-limit, macaroon, dos, social-recovery, key-rotation, shamir, measured-boot, tpm, jtag-lock, otp-fuse, epoxy, provisioning, qrng, worm, nfc-seal, inventory-ledger, custody, tabletop, red-team, exercise, behavioral, bot-detection, on-device, bayesian, drift, turnout, watermark, screen, anti-copy, roughtime, crowd, sync, paper-backup, short-code, mapping, observer-app