Correlation Patterns of Muon Flux with Vertical Atmospheric Profiles: Insights from Monte Carlo Simulations

Al-Qaaod, Amer

doi:10.5281/zenodo.17046809

Published September 3, 2025 | Version v1

Preprint Open

Correlation Patterns of Muon Flux with Vertical Atmospheric Profiles: Insights from Monte Carlo Simulations

Al-Qaaod, Amer (Researcher)¹

1. Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt

Contributors

Project leader:

Krasniqi, Faton³

Project members:

Work package leader:

Pierrard, Viviane^{1, 2}

1. UCLouvain
2. Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy
3. Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
4. Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute
5. Czech Technical University in Prague
6. Český Metrologický Institut
7. DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens
8. National Technical University of Athens

This preprint presents a Monte Carlo–based modeling framework for simulating the production, attenuation, and absorption of secondary cosmic rays (SCR) in the atmosphere.The model incorporates atmospheric profiles derived from radiosondes and was created using the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) code. It is verified against both experimental ground-based muon measurements and the PHITS-based PARMA model. The study examines the relationship between muon flux and temperature and atmospheric pressure up to a height of 20 km, revealing both positive and negative altitude-dependent barometric coefficients. The model is a powerful tool for researching SCR–atmosphere interactions, and it can be expanded to evaluate biological impacts like DNA damage and long-term health risks related to cosmic radiation exposure.

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