Crossref relationships between grants and research outputs

This dataset contains relationships between grants and research outputs, deposited by Crossref members and discovered by an automated matching strategy. It includes data deposited until the end of July 2025.

The dataset contains 250,163 total relationships. Of those:

• 488 (0.2%) were deposited by a Crossref member as a finances or isFinancedBy relationship
• 2,003 (0.8%) were deposited by a Crossref member as a grant DOI provided in the award number field in funding information
• 247,672 (99%) were matched through award number and funder information

The dataset contains fields:

• grant-doi (string): the DOI of the grant
• output-doi (string): the DOI of the research output
• output-created (string): creation date of the research output
• asserted-by (grant-depositor, research-output-depositor, or matching): whether the relationship was asserted by the Crossref member that deposited the grant, the Crossref member that deposited the research output, or the matching strategy
• asserted-as (relationship or "grant DOI as award"): applies only to relationships deposited by Crossref members; whether the relationship was deposited as a relationship or as a grant DOI provided in the award number field
• extra (object): extra information; applies only to relationships deposited as a grant DOI provided in the award number field or matched

If a relationship was deposited as a grant DOI provided in the award number field, extra contains the following sub-fields:

• match-type (EXACT or PARTIAL): whether the grant DOI matches exactly or partially the award number
• output-award (string): the award number given in the research output

If a relationship was matched, extra contains the following sub-fields:

• award-match-type (EXACT or PARTIAL): whether grant award and research output award match exactly or partially
• grant-award (string): grant award
• output-award (string): research output award
• funder-match-type (EXACT, ALIAS, or HIERARCHY): whether grant funding organisation and research output funding organisation are exactly the same, are aliases, or one is a descendant of the other, according to the Funder Registry
• grant-funder (string): grant funder
• output-funder (string): research output funder

The code used to generate the dataset is available here.