Segmented Internal Organs of the Visible Human Male

The Segmented Internal Organs of the Visible Human Male (Segmented Internal Organs, SIO) is a high-resolution 3D model of the torso and internal organs of a man with more than 200 labeled anatomical objects. It is based on the Visible Human Male published by the U.S. National Library of Medicine. As part of the VOXEL-MAN project, the cryosections were downscaled and geometrically aligned to the CT images of the frozen body, followed by an interactive segmentation based on an advanced classifier in RGB color space.  The procedure is described in detail in refs. 1, 2.

The SIO form an isotropic voxel model, which is provided as a series of 3 × 774 consecutive cross-sectional images (currently in TIFF format):

• Cryosection image (24-bit RGB color).                Example: rgb1256.tif
• Frozen CT image (8-bit grayscale).                      Example: frozenCT1256.tif
• Label image (16-bit numerical object labels).      Example: labels1256.tif

The number in the file name (1256 – 2029) stands for the slice position, so images with the same number represent the same position. The voxel size is 1 mm × 1 mm × 1 mm.

The object label numbers in the label images indicate to which anatomical object a voxel belongs, e.g.

• ascending aorta: 511
• arch of aorta: 512
• descending aorta: 513
• abdominal aorta: 514

Some objects may be represented by more than one label number, especially larger structures. The full list of segmented anatomical structures and corresponding label numbers is given in the file SIO Object Labels.xlsx.

The SIO are provided “as is”. The authors make no warranties of any kind, whether expressed, implied, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of accuracy, completeness, availability, or fitness for a particular purpose.

www.virtual-body.org/sio

This record is hosted under the Zenodo "NCI Imaging Data Commons" organization, since Imaging Data Commons is planning to harmonize and ingest this dataset, to accompany the Visible Human Dataset already available from IDC (see https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12690049). This record will be updated with a new version, once harmonization and ingestion into IDC is completed.

References

1.     Karl Heinz Höhne, Bernhard Pflesser, Andreas Pommert, Martin Riemer, Rainer Schubert, Thomas Schiemann, Ulf Tiede, Udo Schumacher: A realistic model of human structure from the Visible Human data. Methods Inf. Med. 40 (2), 2001, 83-89.

2.     Andreas Pommert, Karl Heinz Höhne, Bernhard Pflesser, Ernst Richter, Martin Riemer, Thomas Schiemann, Rainer Schubert, Udo Schumacher, Ulf Tiede: Creating a high-resolution spatial/symbolic model of the inner organs based on the Visible Human. Med. Image Anal. 5 (3), 2001, 221-228.