A One-Year Retrospective Study for the Evaluation of Correlation between Vitamin D and Cholesterol Levels: A Preliminary Report
Creators
- 1. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye.
Description
Abstract
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in bone metabolism and seems to have some anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties. Cholesterol is the precursor of very important biochemical pathways including bile salts and other steroidogenic molecules like adrenal gland hormones, reproductive hormones, and vitamin D. In the present study, cholesterol and vitamin D test results from 13,150 patients admitted to our laboratory were analyzed over a one-year period retrospectively from the Laboratory Information System. In our study, we aimed to investigate the association between low cholesterol levels and vitamin D levels. Analyzed data revealed that low cholesterol levels (<200 mg/dl) were detected in 6,355 patients. In these patients, mean cholesterol level was 164.3 mg/dl while median vitamin D value was 20.4 ng/ml. There was a significant correlation (r=0.064, p<0.001) between low cholesterol levels and low vitamin D levels in the study group. The study group was divided into three subgroups according to age (<18, 18-35 and >35) and a significant correlation was detected between low cholesterol levels and low vitamin D (r=0.06, p<0.001) in patients >35 years of age. In this retrospective study, we determined a weak but significant correlation between vitamin D and cholesterol levels in particular >35 years of age. We think that this study data can be considered as a preliminary report for comprehensive studies that will determine the relationship between vitamin D and cholesterol levels in the general population.
Özet
D vitamini yağda çözünen bir vitamin olup, kemik metabolizmasında kritik rol oynayan, aynı zamanda antiinflamatuar ve immünmodülatör fonksiyonlara sahip bir vitamindir. Kolesterol ise safra tuzları ve adrenal hormonlar, üreme hormonları ve D vitamini gibi diğer steroidojenik molekülleri içeren çok önemli biyokimyasal yolların öncüsüdür. Bu çalışmada laboratuvarımıza başvuran 13 150 hastanın kolesterol ve D vitamini test sonuçları bir yıllık süre boyunca Laboratuvar Bilgi Sisteminden retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Çalışmamızda düşük kolesterol düzeyleri ile vitamin D düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı hedefledik. Analiz edilen veriler 6 355 hastada düşük (<200 mg/dl) kolesterol düzeylerinin varlığını gösterdi. Bu hastalarda ortalama kolesterol düzeyi 164.3 mg/dl, medyan D vitamini değeri ise 20.4 ng/ml olarak belirlendi. Çalışma grubunda düşük kolesterol düzeyi ile düşük D vitamini düzeyi arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon (r=0.064, p<0.001) vardı. Çalışma grubu yaşa göre üç alt gruba ayrıldı (<18, 18-35 ve >35) ve 35 yaş üstü hastalarda D vitamini düşüklüğü ile kolesterol düşüklüğü arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu bulundu (r=0.06, p<0.001). Bu retrospektif çalışmada D vitamini ile kolesterol düzeyleri arasında 35 yaş üstü hastalarda daha belirgin olmak üzere zayıf ancak anlamlı bir ilişki varlığını tespit ettik. Bu çalışma verilerinin genel popülasyondaki D vitamini ve kolesterol düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirleyecek kapsamlı çalışmalar için bir ön rapor olarak kabul edilebileceğini düşünüyoruz.
Notes
Files
lms.2024.49.pdf
Files
(683.0 kB)
Name | Size | Download all |
---|---|---|
md5:3948dd0d7324ea7c86e86cac2e954d5c
|
683.0 kB | Preview Download |
Additional details
Dates
- Submitted
-
2024-02-10
- Accepted
-
2024-03-29
Software
- Repository URL
- https://lifemedsci.com/a/2024/2/oz/49.htm
References
- 1. Craig M, Yarrarapu SNS, Dimri M. Biochemistry, Cholesterol. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023.
- 2. Olson RE. Discovery of the lipoproteins, their role in fat transport and their significance as risk factors. J Nutr 1998; 128(2 Suppl): 439S-443S.
- 3. Pownall HJ, Gotto AM Jr. Cholesterol: Can't Live With It, Can't Live Without It. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2019; 15(1): 9-15.
- 4. Zhang J, Li Q, Wu Y, Wang D, Xu L, Zhang Y, et al. Cholesterol content in cell membrane maintains surface levels of ErbB2 and confers a therapeutic vulnerability in ErbB2-positive breast cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17(1): 15.
- 5. Olżyńska A, Kulig W, Mikkolainen H, Czerniak T, Jurkiewicz P, Cwiklik L, et al. Tail-Oxidized Cholesterol Enhances Membrane Permeability for Small Solutes. Langmuir 2020; 36(35): 10438-47.
- 6. Králová J, Jurášek M, Krčová L, Dolenský B, Novotný I, Dušek M, et al. Heterocyclic sterol probes for live monitoring of sterol trafficking and lysosomal storage disorders. Sci Rep 2018; 8(1): 14428.
- 7. Petrov AM, Kasimov MR, Zefirov AL. Brain Cholesterol Metabolism and Its Defects: Linkage to Neurodegenerative Diseases and Synaptic Dysfunction. Acta Naturae 2016; 8(1): 58-73.
- 8. Payne AH, Hales DB. Overview of steroidogenic enzymes in the pathway from cholesterol to active steroid hormones. Endocr Rev 2004; 25(6): 947-70.
- 9. Centonze G, Natalini D, Piccolantonio A, Salemme V, Morellato A, Arina P, et al. Cholesterol and Its Derivatives: Multifaceted Players in Breast Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2022; 12: 906670.
- 10. Duan Y, Gong K, Xu S, Zhang F, Meng X, Han J. Regulation of cholesterol homeostasis in health and diseases: from mechanisms to targeted therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7(1): 265.
- 11. Afonso MS, Machado RM, Lavrador MS, Quintao ECR, Moore KJ, Lottenberg AM. Molecular Pathways Underlying Cholesterol Homeostasis. Nutrients 2018; 10(6): 760.
- 12. Cardoso D, Perucha E. Cholesterol metabolism: a new molecular switch to control inflammation. Clin Sci (Lond). 2021; 135(11): 1389-408.
- 13. Alenghat FJ, Davis AM. Management of Blood Cholesterol. JAMA 2019; 321(8): 800-1.
- 14. Wintermeyer E, Ihle C, Ehnert S, Stöckle U, Ochs G, de Zwart P, et al. Crucial Role of Vitamin D in the Musculoskeletal System. Nutrients 2016; 8(6): 319.
- 15. Aranow C. Vitamin D and the immune system. J Investig Med 2011; 59(6): 881-6.
- 16. Vieth R. Vitamin D supplementation: cholecalciferol, calcifediol, and calcitriol. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 74(11): 1493-7.
- 17. Manson JE, Cook NR, Lee IM, Christen W, Bassuk SS, Mora S, et al; VITAL Research Group. Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2019; 380(1): 33-44.
- 18. Scazzone C, Agnello L, Bivona G, Lo Sasso B, Ciaccio M. Vitamin D and Genetic Susceptibility to Multiple Sclerosis. Biochem Genet 2021; 59(1): 1-30.
- 19. Harrison SR, Li D, Jeffery LE, Raza K, Hewison M. Vitamin D, Autoimmune Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 106(1): 58-75.
- 20. Hadizadeh F. Supplementation with vitamin D in the COVID-19 pandemic? Nutr Rev 2021; 79(2): 200-8.
- 21. Bikle DD. Vitamin D metabolism, mechanism of action, and clinical applications. Chem Biol 2014; 21(3): 319-29.
- 22. Voltan G, Cannito M, Ferrarese M, Ceccato F, Camozzi V. Vitamin D: An Overview of Gene Regulation, Ranging from Metabolism to Genomic Effects. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14(9): 1691.
- 23. Prabhu AV, Luu W, Sharpe LJ, Brown AJ. Cholesterol-mediated Degradation of 7-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase Switches the Balance from Cholesterol to Vitamin D Synthesis. J Biol Chem 2016; 291(16): 8363-73.
- 24. Wang L, Song Y, Manson JE, Pilz S, März W, Michaëlsson K, et al. Circulating 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and risk of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2012; 5(6): 819-29.
- 25. Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. The Expert Panel. Arch Intern Med 1988; 148(1): 36-69.
- 26. Michos ED, Melamed ML. Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease risk. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2008; 11(1): 7-12.
- 27. Lee JH, O'Keefe JH, Bell D, Hensrud DD, Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency an important, common, and easily treatable cardiovascular risk factor? J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52(24): 1949-56.
- 28. Jorde R, Sneve M, Hutchinson M, Emaus N, Figenschau Y, Grimnes G. Tracking of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels during 14 years in a population-based study and during 12 months in an intervention study. Am J Epidemiol 2010; 171(8): 903-8.
- 29. Brown MS, Goldstein JL. A receptor-mediated pathway for cholesterol homeostasis. Science 1986; 232(4746): 34-47.
- 30. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Merz CN, Brewer HB Jr, Clark LT, Hunninghake DB, et al; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American College of Cardiology Foundation; American Heart Association. Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation 2004; 110(2): 227-39.