Formulation and Evaluation of a Polyherbal Anti-Dandruff Shampoo Using Ritha, Shikakai, And Amla Extracts

Dandruff is a prevalent dermatological condition characterized by excessive scalp flaking, itching, and inflammation, often exacerbated by microbial colonization, particularly by Malassezia species. Conventional anti-dandruff treatments rely heavily on synthetic chemicals, which may lead to side effects and resistance, driving consumer demand for safer, natural alternatives. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a polyherbal anti-dandruff shampoo using three well-known Ayurvedic ingredients: Sapindus mukorossi (Reetha), Acacia concinna (Shikakai), and Phyllanthus emblica (Amla). Each ingredient was selected for its documented antifungal, antioxidant, cleansing, and scalp-nourishing properties. Extracts were prepared via maceration and boiling, then combined with natural excipients such as gelatin solution, citric acid, rose oil, and methyl paraben to produce a stable shampoo formulation.The shampoo was evaluated based on organoleptic properties, foaming index, solid content, and dirt dispersion tests. Results revealed a foaming index of 500, indicating good cleansing ability, while the solid content measured 8.25%, affirming product consistency and active constituent presence. The shampoo exhibited desirable qualities such as a pleasant aroma, brownish color, and gritty texture, consistent with plant-based formulations. Dirt dispersion was light, suggesting effective cleansing without excessive residue. This study supports the feasibility of using plant-based ingredients to develop an effective, eco-friendly, and consumer-acceptable anti-dandruff formulation. Further microbiological and dermatological testing is recommended to substantiate the formulation's clinical efficacy and safety. This work contributes to the growing field of phytocosmetics by integrating traditional herbal wisdom with modern pharmaceutical evaluation techniques.