Multifactorial ANOVA analysis of genotype and environment effects on morphological and agronomic traits in G. barbadense L. cotton

This study investigates the influence of genotype and environmental stress (optimal, drought, and salinity conditions) on morphological and agronomic traits in ten fine-fiber cotton genotypes using multifactorial ANOVA. Traits such as plant height, number of fruiting branches, number of opened bolls, total boll number, boll weight, vegetative period, and overall yield were analyzed. Results showed that genotype had no statistically significant effect on most traits (P > 0.05), whereas environmental factors significantly impacted all studied parameters (P < 0.0001 in most cases). Genotypes such as T-2024, Duru-gavhar-4 (T-5560), Angor (T-1981), and T-2090 demonstrated relative stability and adaptability to stress conditions and may be considered valuable in breeding programs for stress-tolerant cotton cultivars.