Entrepreneurship and Job Creation Backed by the Anthropological Philosophy of Self-Reliance (Kwigira) and Resilience (Ubudaheranwa)

Abstract: This study explores how the anthropological philosophy of self-reliance (kwigira) and resilience (ubudaheranwa) supports entrepreneurship and economic mobility at Enterprise Urwibutso Sina Gerard Ltd. The research examines how individuals transition from economic dependence to self-sufficiency and how businesses can contribute to economic independence. The study follows a mixed-methods approach, combining surveys, interviews, and case study analysis. A sample of 42 employees was selected from the permanent workers at Enterprise Urwibutso. Survey questionnaires collected data on income changes and business creation, while interviews provided insights into personal experiences of economic transition. Results show that 78% of surveyed employees experienced a significant income increase, while 65% started their own businesses after gaining financial stability. Additionally, 82% reported improved decision-making power in their financial lives, indicating reduced dependency. Furthermore, once employees started their businesses, Enterprise Urwibutso Sina Gerard Ltd became a buyer of their goods, further helping them to upgrade economically. However, 56% of respondents cited market competition as a challenge to further economic mobility. To sustain economic upgrading, policies should promote entrepreneurial training, market access, and financial support for small businesses. By fostering self-reliance and resilience, individuals can progressively shift to higher economic categories, ensuring long-term independence and growth.