Conceptualizing fit-for-region carbon farming for the EU Carbon Removals and Carbon Farming (CRCF) Regulation

Focus Group 1.5 reflections on fit-for-region carbon farming approaches addresses the local agri-food systems knowledge through regional examples and lessons learned. This report consolidates insights from various regions, building upon the M39 Expert Group findings published in January 2024, and draws from expert insights gathered during FG 1.5 meetings on September 9, 2024, and January 15, 2025, supplemented by desk research. The 1st European Carbon Farming Summit emphasized that EU climate actions should promote holistic sustainability transitions in sectors impacted by climate policies and the framework for land-based carbon removals. It advocates for defining agricultural and forestry practices within the context of biodiversity benefits and comprehensive sustainability criteria, while also addressing economic and social sustainability as well as food security. Therefore, carbon sequestration methods must be practical and beneficial for farmers, especially when considering transitions in land use or cropping systems in peatlands and organic soils. Given the distinct development of agricultural practices across various regions, it is essential to recognize specific regional characteristics and opportunities in sustainable transformations. This approach utilizes insights from operational projects, regional authorities, and stakeholder discussions to adopt a bottom-up perspective, complementing policy-oriented approaches and incorporating lessons learned on measures, trade-offs, and farmer perspectives.