Determination of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) Producing Enterobacteriaceae from Children infected with Diarrhea in Kano, Northern Nigeria

Diseases caused by microorganisms are currently causes of morbidity and motility worldwide. The study was aimed to determine the prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae isolate from children infected with diarrhea in Kano, Northern Nigeria. Two hundred and fifty (250) stool samples of the infected children were obtained from Microbiology department of Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital. Multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates were determined using disc diffusion method. The multidrug resistant isolates were evaluated using antibiotic disc of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime respectively. The ESBL producing isolates were confirmed by means of double disc synergy test. Molecular method was employed to determine the resistant gene. A sum of five hundred and twenty three (523) enteric bacteria were recovered from stool 250 samples which include E. coli as the predominant species (36.9%), Salmonella (17.6%), Shigella (12.0%), Klebsiella (8.4%), Proteus (7.5%), Enterobacter (8.2%), Citrobacter (5.4%) and Serratia (4.0%). From the result, the isolates resistant to antibiotics in the presence is considerably low as only 5.2% (27 out of 523) isolates were multi drug resistant (MDR) isolates and only 11 (40.7 %) out of the 27 MDR isolates were ESBLs positive and 16 (59.3%) were non ESBLs producing isolates. However, 9 isolates out of the 11 of the isolates were positively confirmed as ESBL producing isolates confirmed to be ESBLs producers. Molecular identification confirmed the presence of DNA bands of the expected size for CTX-M, TEM and SHV resistant genes. It is concluded that the multidrug resistant bacteria were present in diarrhea of infected children.