Observation Regarding the Chronology of the Nihon Shoki

2025-09-16  *** It is recommended to replace earlier versions with this updated one. ***
Corrected the transition year from the Double-Year Calendar: revised from the 16th year of Emperor Yūryaku (471 CE) to the 14th year (470 CE). Accordingly, the description now states “up to the 13th year” and “from the 14th year.” This correction does not affect the core arguments, including the identification of the Five Kings of Wa or the correlations with the Wei Zhi. (The chronology table was also revised to reflect these changes.)

2025-05-07 This version removes personal links and clarifies the Toyo hypothesis.

This record consists of two files:

1. **Observation Regarding the Chronology of the Nihon Shoki** – A theoretical report proposing a new chronological interpretation of the Nihon Shoki based on the Spring-Autumn Double-Year Calendar system. The paper outlines a framework that aligns Japanese imperial reign years with Chinese dynastic records by identifying a misreading of overlapping years between A.D. 391 and 411.

2. **Chronology Table of the Five Kings of Wa** – A supplemental table that visually summarizes the reconstructed timeline proposed in the report. It presents the adjusted reign years of Japanese emperors alongside their corresponding entries in Chinese historical texts such as the *Wei Zhi* and *Song Shu*.

Together, these documents offer a structurally consistent and historically grounded model for interpreting early Japanese chronology. They are intended for scholars in Japanese history, historiography, and East Asian studies who are interested in re-evaluating the traditional temporal framework of pre-5th-century Japanese records.

For a comprehensive version of this model and its application to the full imperial chronology, see the main paper: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15306170

Both documents are released under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. For any commercial use or formal citation, please attribute the author and consult the licensing terms.
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For a comprehensive version of this model and its application to the full imperial chronology, see the main paper: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15306170