Sustainable Synergies: A Novel Review of Renewable Energy Through Philosophical, Commercial, Economic, and Physical Lenses

Abstract
This review examines renewable energy through an interdisciplinary approach, integrating
perspectives from philosophy, commerce, economics, and physics. The transition to renewable
energy represents not only a technological shift but also a paradigm changes in how societies
conceptualize their relationship with energy resources and the environment. We analyse the
current state of renewable energy technologies including solar, wind, hydropower, biomass,
and geothermal sources, while exploring their economic viability and commercial applications.
The philosophical underpinnings of sustainability and intergenerational equity are examined
alongside the physics-based systems approach necessary for effective renewable energy
integration. Our analysis reveals that a multidisciplinary perspective is essential for addressing
the complex challenges of the green energy transition, including variability management, grid
integration, and policy development. The review concludes that successful renewable energy
implementation requires coordinated efforts across disciplines, with particular attention to the
synergies between technological innovation, market mechanisms, ethical frameworks, and
physical constraints. This integrated approach offers promising pathways for accelerating the
transition to a sustainable energy future