Published April 9, 2025 | Version v1
Journal article Open

THE MECHANICAL RESPONSE OF AN ORTHOTROPIC LAMINATED REINFORCEMENT IN A SYMMETRICAL STRUCTURE

  • 1. 1 Computer Techniques Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University, 51001, Hillah, Iraq. 2 New Era and Development in Civil Engineering Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen Universi-ty, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq 3 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Ma-laysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5450-7312. * Correspondence: zeinab.radi@alayen.edu.iq; Tel.: (+964 781 812 0132)

Description

Abstract: An experimental and theoretical investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of the flexural loads on the stress distribution oriented by “0, 45, 45,0” laminates of Kevlar-Epoxy composite. The mechanical response of a new advanced composite material was evaluated by comparing the measured and computed deflection values at the mid-point. The results are compared to other composites that have been built. The use of FEM to analyze composite laminates is limited to stacking sequences with symmetry in the midplane and orientated in the lower half of the laminate, as well as their reflections on the upper half plies. The results of the experimental and F E M show fair agreement.

Files

Zainab.pdf

Files (669.3 kB)

Name Size Download all
md5:9a763f5605731c223ddcc3cde909bfe7
669.3 kB Preview Download

Additional details

Software

Repository URL
https://www.ajme.ro
Development Status
Active

References

  • 8. REFERENCES Agarwal, B. D., Broutman, L. J., & Bert, C. W. (1981). Analysis and performance of fiber composites. Agarwal, B. D., Broutman, L. J., & Chandrashekhara, K. (2017). Analysis and Performance of Fiber Composites. Al-Zubaidy, B., Radhi, N. S., & Al-Khafaji, Z. S. (2019). Study the effect of thermal impact on the modelling of (titanium-titania) functionally graded materials by using finite element analysis. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 1. Ali, M. I., & Anjaneyulu, J. (2018). Effect of fiber-matrix volume fraction and fiber orientation on the design of composite suspension system. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 455(1), 12104. ASTM, S. (1997). Standard test methods for flexural properties of unreinforced and reinforced plastics and electrical insulating materials. ASTM D790. Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Boone, T. J., Wawrzynek, P. A., & Ingraffea, A. R. (1987). Finite element modelling of fracture propagation in orthotropic materials. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 26(2), 185–201. Broutman, L. J., & Krock, R. H. (1974). Composite Materials: Engineering applications of composites (Vol. 3). Academic Press. Clyne, T. W., & Hull, D. (2019). An introduction to composite materials. Cambridge University Press. Daniel, I. M., Whitney, J. M., & Pipes, R. B. (1983). Experimental Mechanics of Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials: Fourth volume in the SESA Monograph Series. Experimental Techniques, 7(3), 25. David Müzel, S., Bonhin, E. P., Guimarães, N. M., & Guidi, E. S. (2020). Application of the finite element method in the analysis of composite materials: A review. Polymers, 12(4), 818. Dawood, N. M., Radhi, N. S., & Al-khafaji, Z. S. (2020). Investigation Corrosion and Wear Behavior of Nickel-Nano Silicon Carbide on Stainless Steel 316L. 1002, 33–43. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1002.33 Derek, H. (1981). An introduction to composite materials. Cambridge University Press. El Messiry, M. (2013). Theoretical analysis of natural fiber volume fraction of reinforced composites. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 52(3), 301–306. Haleem, A. H., Radhi, N. S., & Jaber, N. T. (2023). A STUDY ON STAINLESS STEEL 316L UTILIZING SINGLE-STEP ANODIZATION AND A DC SPUTTERING PLASMA OF SILVER COATING TO IMPROVE CORROSION RESISTANCE. Academic Journal of Manufacturing Engineering, 21(4), 1–10. Hamza, S. A., & Radhi, N. S. (2023). Composite Coating Using (Hap-Nano Silver) By Macro Arc Oxidation Procedures Was Used To Study the in-Vivo Properties of Titanium Substrate. Academic Journal of Manufacturing Engineering, 21(1), 65–71. Hu, N. (2012). Composites and their applications. BoD–Books on Demand. Huang, Y. Q., & Li, Q. (2004). Bending and buckling analysis of antisymmetric laminates using the moving least square differential quadrature method. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 193(33–35), 3471–3492. Jabor, M., Radh, N. S., Al-kinani, M. A., & Al-khafaji, Z. S. (2021). Optimization of Electro less of Nickel base coating for Cermet Cutting Tools Substrate. Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments, 44(3), 30–40. Lee, H.-H. (2018). Finite element simulations with ANSYS Workbench 18. SDC publications. Meyers, M. A., & Chawla, K. K. (2008). Mechanical behavior of materials. Cambridge University Press. Mohammed, E., & Al-khafaji, Z. (2023). Effect of Surface Treatments by Ultrasonic on NiTi Biomaterials. ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING, 21(3), 1–6. Oleiwi, J. K., Alwan, M. K., & Hamad, Q. A. (2014). Numerically and experimentally studying of some mechanical properties of the polyester matrix composite material reinforced by jute fibers. Engineering and Technology Journal, 32(9 Part A), 2235–2247. Pasternak, E., & Dyskin, A. (1999). Semi-infinite bending crack in layered materials. Cosserat continuum approach. SEMI-INFINITE BENDING CRACK IN LAYERED MATERIALS. COSSERAT CONTINUUM APPROACH, 135–142. Sathish, S., Kumaresan, K., Prabhu, L., & Vigneshkumar, N. (2017). Experimental investigation on volume fraction of mechanical and physical properties of flax and bamboo fibers reinforced hybrid epoxy composites. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 25(3), 229–236. Sattar, S., Alaiwi, Y., Radhi, N. S., & Al-khafaji, Z. (2023a). Numerical Simulation for Effect of Composite Coating ( TiO2 + SiO2 ) Thickness on Steam Turbine Blades Thermal and Stress Distribution. ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING, 21(4). Sattar, S., Alaiwi, Y., Radhi, N. S., & Al-khafaji, Z. (2023b). NUMERICAL SIMULATION FOR EFFECT OF COMPOSITE COATING ( TIO2 + SIO2 ) THICKNESS ON STEAM TURBINE BLADES THERMAL AND STRESS DISTRIBUTION. Academic Journal of Manufacturing Engineering, 21(4), 86–99. Sattar, S., Alaiwi, Y., Radhi, N. S., Al-Khafaji, Z., Al-Hashimi, O., Alzahrani, H., & Yaseen, Z. M. (2023). Corrosion reduction in steam turbine blades using nano-composite coating. Journal of King Saud University-Science, 35(8), 102861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2023.102861 Sezgin, H., & Berkalp, O. B. (2017). The effect of hybridization on significant characteristics of jute/glass and jute/carbon-reinforced composites. Journal of Industrial Textiles, 47(3), 283–296. Singh, G., Raju, K. K., Rao, G. V., & Iyengar, N. G. R. (1990). Non-linear bending of antisymmetric cross-ply plates. Composite Structures, 14(4), 359–371. Vescovini, R., & Dozio, L. (2015). Exact refined buckling solutions for laminated plates under uniaxial and biaxial loads. Composite Structures, 127, 356–368. Wang, J., Liew, K. M., Tan, M. J., & Rajendran, S. (2002). Analysis of rectangular laminated composite plates via FSDT meshless method. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 44(7), 1275–1293. Younis, S., Oleiwi, J. K., & Mohammed, R. A. (2018). Some mechanical properties of polymer matrix composites reinforced by nano silica particles and glass fibers. Engineering and Technology Journal, 36(12), 1283–1289. Yuan, F.-G., & Miller, R. E. (1990). A higher-order finite element for laminated beams. Composite Structures, 14(2), 125–150. Zalameda, J. N., & Smith, B. T. (1994). Measurement of composite fiber volume fraction using thermal and ultrasonic inspection techniques. In Nondestructive Characterization of Materials VI (pp. 741–748). Springer.