Digital Examinations in Higher Education - A Systematic Literature Review

The digitalization of university examinations has become a prominent issue, especially following the global COVID-19 pandemic. While digitalization offers opportunities for more efficient processes and resource conservation, it also presents challenges. This paper systematically reviews current research on digital examinations in higher education, based on an analysis of 85 studies. The review focuses on the characteristics of digital examinations and their perceptions among different user groups. Findings show that all user groups recognize both advantages and disadvantages of digital ex- aminations. Acceptance tends to increase with experience, but concerns over security still limit widespread adoption. Clear policies and secure procedures are therefore essential to harness the full potential while mitigating associated risks.