Enhancing Resilience of Critical Maritime Infrastructure through Modeling and Simulation of Sensors Configuration

Critical Maritime Infrastructure (CMI) such as ports, underwater pipelines, and offshore platforms are essential for the security of supply of a state. However, growing reliance on CMI brings security risks from potential attacks. This paper reviews recent academic approaches for security threat analysis, which utilize methodologies for the development of scenarios and quantification of outcome likelihood. Building on these works, a framework is proposed to optimize surveillance and improve situational awareness for CMI with emphasis in offshore infrastructures. The methodology offers the option of enabling Modeling and Simulation (M&S) tools to simulate threat scenarios and test sensor configurations. Specific criteria that an M&S tool must satisfy are outlined, including Monte Carlo analysis, comprehensive databases, customizability, and environmental modeling. M&S could enable relevant authorities to visualize vulnerabilities, strategically position sensors, and enhance CMI resilience against diverse man-made threats. The proposed framework offers a practical, cost-effective solution for maximizing domain awareness and mitigating emerging security risks to vital maritime assets and activities.