The Relationship between Job Stress, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention among General Education Teachers in Vietnam: Direct and Indirect Effects on Gratitude

In Vietnam, work pressure and the increasing trend of teachers leaving or changing jobs have become pressing concerns in education. According to statistics from the Ministry of Education and Training, between
August 2023 and April 2024, a total of 7,215 teachers nationwide either left their jobs or transitioned to other professions. This issue not only affects the quality of education but also poses significant challenges in managing the teaching workforce. This study aims to explore factors such as job stress, job satisfaction, and turnover intention among teachers, while also analyzing the moderating role of gratitude in the relationship between these factors.