Published October 30, 2024 | Version CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0
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Advancements in Inverse-Electron-Demand Diels–Alder Cycloaddition of 2-Pyrones: Mechanisms, Methodologies

Creators

  • 1. Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Quality Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Rachid Privet University, Damascus (Syria), West Asia.

Description

Abstract: The Diels-Alder (DA) cycloaddition is well-known for its effectiveness in synthesizing natural products and multifunctional materials. This article specifically explores the inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) cycloaddition involving 2-pyrones, which display ambiphilic properties due to their unique electronic characteristics. We investigate the mechanisms underlying IEDDA, with a focus on how electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents influence reactivity and product selectivity. Various methodologies are reviewed, encompassing non-catalytic and catalytic approaches. Special attention is given to advancements in microwave-assisted techniques and high-pressure conditions, which enhance both reaction efficiency and selectivity. Additionally, the synthesis of chiral bridged bicyclic lactones from substituted 2-pyrones is examined, illustrating their versatility in organic synthesis. This review underscores the significance of IEDDA cycloaddition in pioneering new synthetic routes for building complex molecular structures.

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Additional details

Identifiers

DOI
10.54105/ijapsr.F4055.04061024
EISSN
2582-7618

Dates

Accepted
2024-10-15
Manuscript received on 13 September 2024 | Revised Manuscript received on 27 September 2024 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 October 2024 | Manuscript published on 30 October 2024.

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