AN OVERVIEW ON EMERGING OF VIRAL DISEASES IN INDIA AND FUTURE PROSPECTIVES ON THEIR TREATMENT

A virus is comprised of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protein coat. It requires to multiply a living cell. A viral infection can lead to a spectrum of symptoms from asymptomatic to severe disease. A virus is a small infectious organism—much smaller than a fungus or bacterium—that must invade a living cell to reproduce (replicate). The virus attaches to a cell (called the host cell), enters the cell, and releases its DNA or RNA inside the cell. The virus’s DNA or RNA is the genetic material containing the information needed to replicate the virus. The virus’s genetic material takes control of the host cell and forces it to replicate the virus. The infected cell usually dies because the virus keeps it from performing its normal functions. When the infected host cell dies, it releases new viruses, which go on to infect other cells. People may get viruses by swallowing or inhaling them, by being bitten by insects, through sexual contact, or congenitally (passed by a pregnant person to the fetus). Most commonly, viral infections involve the nose, throat, and upper airways, or systems such as the nervous, gastrointestinal, and reproductive systems. Doctors may base the diagnose on symptoms, blood tests and cultures were examined. Antiviral drugs may interfere and affect the reproduction of viruses or strengthen the host cell immune response to the viral infection.

Key words: Virus, Avian Influenza virus, Nipah Virus, Sars- Cov 19 (Covid-19), Zika Virus, Monkey Pox Virus and Chandipura Virus