PREHOSPITAL PAIN MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Effective pain management in prehospital settings is critical for enhancing patient outcomes and alleviating distress. This literature review investigates current strategies employed by emergency medical services (EMS) for managing pain and assesses their effectiveness. A systematic search of electronic databases identified 14 relevant studies published between 2010 and 2023. The findings reveal a diverse range of pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches; however, significant gaps persist in the timely administration of analgesics and the adequacy of pain relief provided. Notably, disparities in pain management practices were observed across different age and racial groups, highlighting the urgent need for standardized protocols and improved training for EMS personnel. Continuous medical education emerged as a vital component in enhancing the confidence and competency of providers in pain management. Furthermore, the review points to the necessity for comprehensive guidelines that can be adapted to various prehospital scenarios. Future research should focus on developing targeted interventions that promote equitable and effective pain management, ultimately contributing to improved patient care in emergency settings.

Keywords: Prehospital care, Pain management, Emergency medical services, Disparities, Pharmacological strategies.