Social Welfare in Buddhism

Buddhism, often perceived primarily as a spiritual and philosophical path, encompasses profound principles of social welfare that align spiritual development with social responsibility. This paper delves into the intersection of Buddhist teachings and social welfare, exploring how core Buddhist doctrines and practices contribute to the well-being of individuals and society. The study begins by examining the foundational concepts of compassion (karuṇā) and loving-kindness (mettā), which underlie Buddhist approaches to social welfare. It then explores the historical role of Buddhist monastic institutions in providing community support, including education, healthcare, and social stability. The paper also considers the application of Buddhist ethics in contemporary social welfare systems, particularly within the framework of engaged Buddhism, which emphasizes active participation in addressing social and environmental issues. Through an analysis of scriptural sources, historical practices, and modern initiatives, this paper argues that Buddhism provides a robust framework for promoting social welfare, emphasizing the importance of altruism, ethical conduct, and communal responsibility in the pursuit of societal well-being.