Elementary Quantum Gravity Model to explain Dark Matter and Dark Energy as well as Nuclear and Electrodynamic Forces

Abstract

Although gravitation as described by Newton is an elementary force, gravity constant  is still the least precisely known in physics. In the 20^th century observations on galaxy rotation showed significant violation of Newton's law, leading to ongoing search for Dark Matter (DM) versus modified Newton dynamics. In addition, at the end of the last century observation of accelerated expansion for the Universe raised the issue of missing Dark Energy (DE).

In this work I derive an analytical Elementary Quantum Gravity Model (EQGM) describing quantum nature of gravitation for the Universe and do find qualitative and quantitative agreement with astronomical observations.   
It leads to a zero-point gravitational acceleration that can explain observed galaxy rotation, as well as observed DM and DE effects, and accelerated expansion of the Universe in line with the current Standard Model of Cosmology.

Based on this new model, comprising fluctuations with quantum energy states and quantum exchange particles dubbed “ghotons”, discrete gravitational quantum effects between mass objects are proposed. Moreover, a minimum particle mass, granularity of time and entropy for the Universe are derived and discussed. With this, also an explanation approach for the redshift quantization phenomenon is given.          
It is found that gravitation as such can be described out of quantum mechanical uncertainty based on inertia, hence also explaining the corresponding equivalence principle. Attractive and repulsive action is also shown as being immanent in the Klein-Gordon and Schrödinger equations for particle quantum systems.

Moreover, the EQGM can serve to describe energy levels found in atomic nuclei. In addition, unification of quantum gravitation and nuclear force within the deuteron is suggested, due to the identity of pion and ghoton being found.

Finally, the Coulombian electrodynamic force can be unified in the EQGM as a degenerated multi-particle quantum gravitational effect, thus confirming long-standing Large Number Hypotheses for the Universe.