Published November 18, 2023
| Version v1
Journal article
Restricted
Fantastic beasts and how to delimit them: an integrative approach using multispecies coalescent methods reveals two new, endemic Dugesia species (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida) from Corsica and Sardinia
Authors/Creators
- 1. Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain & Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- 2. Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Via Vienna 2, University of Sassari, Sassari I-07100, Italy
- 3. Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, 2300 Þ Leiden, Ŋe Netherlands
Description
Dols-Serrate, Daniel, Stocchino, Giacinta Angela, Sluys, Ronald, Riutort, Marta (2024): Fantastic beasts and how to delimit them: an integrative approach using multispecies coalescent methods reveals two new, endemic Dugesia species (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida) from Corsica and Sardinia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 201 (3): 1-29, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad135, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad135
Files
Restricted
The record is publicly accessible, but files are restricted to users with access.
Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
- URL
- https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/301439
- LSID
- urn:lsid:plazi.org:pub:E870BA177C76A627FFB8D138E373FF97
- URL
- http://publication.plazi.org/id/E870BA177C76A627FFB8D138E373FF97
References
- Agapow, P-M.. Species: demarcation and diversity. In: Purvis A, Giuleman JL (eds), Phylogeny Conservation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005;57-75.
- Alvarez-Presas M, Riutort M. Planarian (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) diversity and molecular markers: a new view of an old group. Diversity 2014;6:323-338. hups://doi.org/10.3390/d6020323
- Arndt W. Untersuchungen an Bachtrikladen. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Paludicolen Korsikas, Rumaniens und Sibiriens. Zeitschriss fur Wissenschassliche Zoologie 1922;1*0:98-146.
- Baele G, Lemey P, Bedford T et al. Improving the accuracy of demographic and molecular clock model comparison while accommodating phylogenetic uncertainty. Molecular Biology and Evolution 2012;*9:2157-2167. hups://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mss084
- Ball, I.R. A contribution to the phylogeny and biogeography of freshwater triclads (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria). In: Riser NW, Morse MP (eds), Biology of the Turbellaria. New York: McGraw -Hill, 1974;339-401.
- Ball, I.R., Reynoldson, T.B., 1981. British Planarians. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- Barr CM, Neiman M, Taylor DR. Inheritance and recombination of mitochondrial genomes in plants, fungi and animals. New Phytologist 2005;168:39-50. hups://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137 .2005.01492.x
- de Beauchamp P. Les Turbellaries. Histoire du peuplement de la Corse. Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences historiques et naturelles de la Corse 1926;45:149-151.
- de Beauchamp P. Biospeologica LVIII. Turbellaries, Hirudinees, Branchiobdellides. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale 1932;73:113-380.
- Benazzi M. Ginogenesi in tricladi di acqua dolce. Chromosoma 1950;3:474-482.
- Benazzi M. Appunti sulla distribuzione dei triclacli in italia. Bolletino di Zoologia 1955;**:149-164. hups://doi.org/10.1080/1125000 5509439195
- Benitez-Alvarez L, Leria L, Fernandez R et al. Phylotranscriptomics interrogation uncovers a complex evolutionary history for the planarian genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) in the Western Mediterranean. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2023;178:107649. hups://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107649
- Bishop A. Notes upon Sieboldiellina planariarum (Siebold), a ciliate parasite of Planaria torva. Parasitology 1926;18:187-194.
- Chen Y,Chen X,Wu C et al.A new species of the genus Dugesia (Tricladida: Dugesiidae) from China. Zoological Systematics 2015;40:237-249. hups://doi.org/10.11865/zs.20150301
- Dayrat B. Towards integrative taxonomy. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 2005;85:407-415.
- Dols-Serrate D, Leria L, Aguilar JP et al. Dugesia hepta and Dugesia benazzii (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida): two sympatric species with occasional sex? Organisms Diversity and Evolution 2020;*0:369-386. hups://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-020-00438-z
- Draparnaud JPR. Tableau des Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de la France. Montpellier & Paris: Renaud. 1801.
- Drummond AJ, Suchard MA, Xie D et al. Bayesian phylogenetics with BEAUti and the BEAST 1.7. Molecular Biology and Evolution 2012;*9:1969-1973. hups://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mss075
- Ezard T, Fujisawa T, Barraclough TG. 2009. SPLITS: species' limits by threshold statistics. R package version 1.0-11/r29. Available from: hup://R-Forge.R-project.org/projects/splits/ (last accessed September 2023).
- Flouri, T., Rannala, B., Yang, Z. A tutorial on the use of BPP for species tree estimation and species delimitation. In: Delsuc F, Galtier N, Scornavacca C (eds), Phylogenetics in the Genomic Era 2020;1-16. No commercial publisher. Authors open access book, hal02536475.
- Frankham R, Ballou JD, Dudash MR et al. Implications of different species concepts for conserving biodiversity. Biological Conservation 2012;153:25-31. hups://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.04.034
- Gamo Garcia J, Rodriguez Caabeiro F. Dugesia gonocephala (Turbellaria, Tricladida) nueovo hospedador para Sieboldiellina planariarum (Ciliata, Holotricha, Astomata). Revista Iberica de Parasitologia 1981;41:313-315.
- Girard C. A brief account of the fresh water planariae of the United States. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 1850;3:264-265.
- von Graff L. Die Turbellarien als Parasiten und Wirte. Leuschner and Lubensky's Universitats-Buchhandlung, Graz 1903:1-66* 3 pls.
- Grummer JA, Bryson RW, Reeder TW. Species delimitation using bayes factors: simulations and application to the Sceloporus scalaris species group (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae). Systematic Biology 2014;63:119-133. hups://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syt069
- Hall T. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 1999;41:95-98. hups://thalljiscience.github.io/. Last accessed: September 2023.
- Harrath AH, Sluys R, Merzoug D et al. Freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) from the Palearctic section of the African continent: new records, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 2012;318*:1-15. hups://doi.org/10.11646/ zootaxa.3182.1.1
- Harrath AH, Sluys R, Mansour L et al. Molecular and morphological identification of two new African species of Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from Cameroon. Journal of Natural History 2019;53:253-271. hups://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2019.15775 08
- Kapli P, Luueropp S, Zhang J et al. Multi-rate Poisson tree processes for single-locus species delimitation under maximum likelihood and Markov chain Monte Carlo. Bioinformatics 2017;33:1630-1638. hups://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btx025
- Kass RE, Rassery AE. Bayes Factors. Journal of the American Statistical Association 1995;90:773-795.
- Katoh K, Standley DM. MAFFT multiple sequence alignment sossware v.7: improvements in performance and usability. Molecular Biology and Evolution 2013;30:772-780. hups://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/ mst010
- Kawakatsu M. Parasites of Turbellarians: records of several species of endoparasites of freshwater planarians. Ne Research Bulletin of the Meguro Parasitological Museum 1970;3:37-47 [in Japanese, with English abstract].
- Keller JM. Les planaires epigees d'eau douce. Revue tancaise d'Aquariologie 1983;10:25-32.
- Kenk R. Freshwater triclads (Turbellaria) of North America. I. Ne genus Planaria. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 1969;8*:539-558.
- Knowles LL, Carstens BC. Delimiting species without monophyletic gene trees. Systematic Biology 2007;56:887-895. hups://doi. org/10.1080/10635150701701091
- Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M et al. MEGA X:molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution 2018;35:1547-1549. hups://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy096
- Lanfear R, Calcou B, Ho SYW et al. PartitionFinder: combined selection of partitioning schemes and substitution models for phylogenetic analyses. Molecular Biology and Evolution 2012;*9:1695-1701. hups://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mss020
- Lanfear R, Frandsen PB, Wright AM et al. Partitionfinder 2: new methods for selecting partitioned models of evolution for molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses. Molecular Biology and Evolution 2017;34:772-773. hups://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw260
- Lazaro E, Sluys R, Pala M et al. Molecular barcoding and phylogeography of sexual and asexual freshwater planarians of the genus Dugesia in the Western Mediterranean (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2009;5*:835-845. hups://doi. org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.04.022
- Lazaro EM, Harrath A, Stocchino GA et al. Schmidtea mediterranea phylogeography: an old species surviving on a few Mediterranean islands? BMC Evolutionary Biology 2011;11:1-15. hups://doi. org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-274
- Leache AD, Fujita MK. Bayesian species delimitation in West African forest geckos (Hemidactylus fasciatus). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 2010;*77:3071-3077. hups://doi. org/10.1098/rspb.2010.0662
- Lepori NG. Sulle caraueristiche morfologiche e sulla posizione sistematica della planaria di Sardegna e Corsica gia ascriua a Dugesia (=Euplanaria) gonocephala (Duges). Ati Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali 1951;58:28-47.
- Lepori NG, Pala M. Fissioning in planarians. 1. Karyological analysis of fissiparous strains of Dugesia gonocephala s. l. (Turbellaria, Tricladida) collected in Sardinia, in order to determine the factors responsible for fissioning. Monitore Zoologica Italiano 1982;16:105-131.
- Leria L, Vila-Farre M, Alvarez-Presas M et al. Cryptic species delineation in freshwater planarians of the genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida): extreme intraindividual genetic diversity, morphological stasis, and karyological variability. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2020;143:106496. hups://doi.org/10.1016/j. ympev.2019.05.010
- Leria L, Riutort M, Romero R et al. Microplate tectonics and environmental factors as distribution drivers in Western Mediterranean freshwater planarians. Journal of Biogeography 2022;49:1124-1136. hups://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14373
- Lom J. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der parasitischen Ciliaten aus Evertebraten IV. Neue Ciliaten aus der Familie Haptophryidae Cepede 1923, nebst einigen Bemerkungen zum heutigen Stand dieser Gruppe. Archiv fur Protistenkunde 1959;104:133-154.
- Maddison WP. Gene trees in species trees. Systematic Biology 1997;46:523-536. hups://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/46.3.523
- Marcus E. Turbellaria, Tricladida. In: Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba, Mission G. F. de Wite. Bruxelles: M. Hayez, Fasc. 1953;*1:1-62.
- McKay BD, Mays HL, Wu Y et al. An empirical comparison of characterbased and coalescent-based approaches to species delimitation in a young avian complex. Molecular Ecology 2013;**:4943-4957. hups://doi.org/10.1111/mec.12446
- Miller MA, Pfeiffer W, Schwartz T.Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees. 2010 Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE) 2010;1-8. hups://doi.org/10.1109/ GCE.2010.5676129
- Newmark PA, Alvarado AS. Not your father's planarian: a classic model enters the era of functioning genomics. Nature Reviews Genetics 2002;3:210-219. hups://doi.org/10.1038/nrg759
- Pala M, Casu S, Vacca T. Dugesia hepta, nuova specie di planaria di acqua dolce di Sardegna appartenente alla superspecie Dugesia gonocephala (Duges). Bolletino della Societa Sarda di Scienze Naturali 1981;*0:97- 107. hups://core.ac.uk/reader/11689490 (last accessed 7 June 2023).
- Pala M, Casu S, Lepori NG.Stabilized natural interspecific hybrid population of the fresh water planarians Dugesia gonocephala s.l. (Turbellaria, Tricladida). Caryologia 1982;35:247-256. hups://doi.org/10.1080/ 00087114.1982.10796929
- Pala M, Vacca T, Casu S et al. Ne freshwater planarian Dugesia sicula Lepori from Sardinia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida). Hydrobiologia 1995;310:151-156. hups://doi.org/10.1007/BF00015533
- Pala M, Casu S, Stocchino GA. Karyology and karyotype analysis of diploid freshwater planarian populations of the Dugesia gonocephala group (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) found in Sardinia. Hydrobiologia 1999;39*:113-119. hups://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003534507632
- Pala M, Stocchino GA, Corso G et al. A new species of freshwater planarian belonging to the genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) from Sardinia. Italian Journal of Zoology 2000;67:379-383. hups:// doi.org/10.1080/11250000009356343
- Pons J, Barraclough TG, Gomez-Zurita J et al. Sequence-based species delimitation for the DNA taxonomy of undescribed insects. Systematic Biology 2006;55:595-609. hups://doi. org/10.1080/10635150600852011
- Posada D. 2009. Selecting models of evolution. In: Lemey P, Salemi M, Vandamme AM (eds), Ne Phylogenetic Handbook: a Practical Approach to Phylogenetic Analysis and Hypothesis Testing, 2nd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 345-361.
- Puillandre N, Lambert A, Brouillet S et al. ABGD, automatic barcode gap discovery for primary species delimitation. Molecular Ecology 2012;*1:1864-1877. hups://doi. org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05239.x
- de Puytorac P. Contribution a l'etude des cilies astomes Haptophryidae Cepede, 1903 (cytologie, ultrastructure, taxinomie). Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie et Biologie Animale 1963;5:173-210.
- de Queiroz, K. Ne general lineage concept of species, species criteria, and the process of speciation. A conceptual unification and terminological recommendations. In: Howard DJ, Berlocher S (eds), Endless Forms: Species and Speciation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998;57-75.
- de Queiroz K.Species concepts and species delimitation.Systematic Biology 2007;56:879-886. hups://doi.org/10.1080/10635150701701083
- Rambaut A, Drummond AJ. TreeAnnotator v.1.6.1, 2010. Available from hup://beast.bio.ed.ac.uk (last accessed September 2022).
- Rambaut A, Suchard MA, Xie D, Drummond AJ. Tracer v.1.6, 2014. Available from hup://beast.bio.ed.ac.uk/Tracer (last accessed September 2022).
- Rannala B. Ne art and science of species delimitation. Current Zoology 2015;61:846-853. hups://doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/61.5.846
- Rataj M, Vd'acny P. Dawn of astome ciliates in light of morphology and time-calibrated phylogeny of Haptophrya planariarum, an obligate endosymbiont of freshwater turbellarians. European Journal of Protistology 2018;64:54-71. hups://doi.org/10.1016/j. ejop.2018.03.004
- Rataj M, Zhang R, Vd'acny P. Nuclear and mitochondrial SSU rRNA genes reveal hidden diversity of Haptophrya endosymbionts in freshwater planarians and challenge their traditional classification in Astomatia. Frontiers in Microbiology 2022;13:830951.
- Ronquist F, Teslenko M, Van Der Mark P et al. MrBayes 3.2: Efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology 2012;61:539-542. hups://doi. org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029
- Shimodaira H, Hasegawa M. CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics 2001;17:1246-1247. hups://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/17.12.1246
- Silvestro D, Michalak I. RaxmlGUI: a graphical front-end for TxML. Organisms Diversity and Evolution 2012;1*:335-337. hups://doi. org/10.1007/s13127-011-0056-0
- Sluys R, Kawakatsu M, Winsor L. Ne genus Dugesia in Australia, with its phylogenetic analysis and historical biogeography (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae). Zoologica Scripta 1998;*7:273-290.
- Sluys R, Sola E, Gritzalis K et al. Integrative delineation of species of Mediterranean freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesiidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2013;169:523- 547. hups://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12077
- Sola E, Sluys R, Gritzalis K et al. Fluvial basin history in the northeastern Mediterranean region underlies dispersal and speciation pauerns in the genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2013;66:877-888. hups://doi. org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.11.010
- Sola E, Alvarez-Presas M, Frias-Lopez C et al. Evolutionary analysis of mitogenomes from parasitic and free-living flatworms. PLoS One 2015;10:e0120081-20. hups://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0120081
- Sola E, Leria L, Stocchino GA et al. Nree dispersal routes out of Africa: a puzzling biogeographical history in freshwater planarians. Journal of Biogeography 2022;49:1219-1233. hups://doi.org/10.1111/ jbi.14371
- Stamatakis A. TxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models. Bioinformatics 2006;**:2688-2690. hups://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/ btl446
- Steinbock O. Untersuchungen uber die Geschlechts-Darmverbindung bei Turbellarien nebst einem Beitrag zur Morphologie des Trikladendarmes. Zeitschriss fur Morphologie und Okologie der Tiere 1924;*:461-504.
- Stocchino GA. 80 years of research on planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) from Sardinia, Italy: an annotated checklist. Zootaxa 2018;453*:539-552. hups://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4532.4.5
- Stocchino GA, Manconi R. Overview of life cycles in model species of the genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida). Italian Journal of Zoology 2013;803:319-328. hups://doi.org/10.1080/11250003.20 13.822025
- Stocchino GA, Corso G, Manconi R et al. Endemic freshwater planarians of Sardinia: redescription of Dugesia hepta (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) with a comparison of the Mediterranean species of the genus. Journal of Natural History 2005;39:1947-1960. hups://doi. org/10.1080/00222930500060025
- Stocchino GA,Manconi R, Corso G et al. African planarians:Morphology and karyology of Dugesia maghrebiana sp. n. (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) from Tunisia. Italian Journal Zoology 2009;76:83-91. hups://doi.org/10.1080/11250000802141683
- Stocchino GA, Sluys R, Manconi R. A new species of Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from the Afromontane forest in South Africa, with an overview of freshwater planarians from the African continent. Zootaxa 2012;3551:43-58. hups://doi. org/10.11646/zootaxa.3551.1.3
- Stocchino GA, Sluys R, Deri P et al. Integrative taxonomy of a new species of planarian from the Lake Ohrid basin, including an analysis of biogeographical pauerns in freshwater triclads from the Ohrid region (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae). ZooKeys 2013;313:25-43. hups://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.313.5363
- Stocchino GA,Sluys R, Manconi R. A new and aberrant species of Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from Madagascar. ZooKeys 2014;4*5:71-88. hups://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.425.7811
- Stocchino GA, Sluys R, Riutort M et al. Freshwater planarian diversity (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesiidae) in Madagascar: new species, cryptic species, with a redefinition of character states. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2017;181:727-756. hups://doi. org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx017
- Stocchino GA,Sluys R,Harrath AH et al. Ne invasive alien freshwater flatworm Girardia tigrina (Girard, 1850) (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) in Western Europe: new insights into its morphology, karyology and reproductive biology. Contributions to Zoology 2019;88:1-21. hups:// doi.org/10.1163/18759866-20191406
- Stocchino GA, Dols-Serrate D, Sluys R, et al. Amphibioplanidae: a new branch and family on the phylogenetic tree of the triclad flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida), represented by a species from Sardinian caves with a remarkable lifestyle. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2021;193:1364-1391.
- Sukumaran J, Knowles LL. Multispecies coalescent delimits structure, not species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2017;114:1607-1612. hups://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1607921114
- Vacca T, Casu S, Pala M. Popolamento planariologico dei fiumi del nord Sardegna: 2. I cariotipi dei tricladi d'acqua dolce rinvenuti nel bacino idrografico del fiume Coghinas. Bolletino della Societa Sarda di Scienze Naturali 1993;*9:59-73.
- Vieites DR, Wollenberg KC, Andreone F et al. Vast underestimation of Madagascar's biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2009;106:8267-8272. hups://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0810821106
- de Vries EJ. On the species of the Dugesia gonocephala group (Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria, Tricladida) from Greece. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1984;54:101-126.
- de Vries EJ. Further contributions to the taxonomy and biogeography of the subgenus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Paludicola) in the Mediterranean region and the Middle East. Israel Journal of Zoology 1988;35:109-316.
- de Vries EJ, Sluys R. Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Paludicola). Journal of Zoology 1991;**3:103-116.
- Wang L, Chen JZ, Dong ZM et al. Two new species of Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from the tropical monsoon forest in southern China. ZooKeys 2021a;1059:89-116. hups://doi. org/10.3897/zookeys.1059.65633
- Wang L, Dong ZM, Chen GW et al. Integrative descriptions of two new species of Dugesia from Hainan Island, China (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae). ZooKeys 2021b;10*8:1-28. hups://doi. org/10.3897/zookeys.1028.60838
- Wang L, Wang YX, Dong ZM et al. Integrative taxonomy unveils a new species of Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from the southern portion of the Taihang Mountains in northern China, with the description of its complete mitogenome and an exploratory analysis of mitochondrial gene order as a taxonomic character. Integrative Zoology 2022;17:1193-1214. hups://doi. org/10.1111/1749-4877.12605
- Winsor, L., Sluys, R. Basic histological techniques for planarians. In: Rink, J. C. (ed.), Planarian Regeneration: Methods and Protocols in Molecular Biology, Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol. 1774. Springer Science*Business Media, New York, 2018;285-351. hups://doi. org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7802-1_9
- Xia X, Xie Z. DAMBE: Sossware package for data analysis in molecular biology and evolution. Journal of Heredity 2001;9*:371-373. hups:// doi.org/10.1093/jhered/92.4.371
- Xia X, Xie Z, Salemi M et al. An index of substitution saturation and its application. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2003;*6:1-7. hups:// doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00326-3
- Xie W, Lewis PO, Fan Y et al. Improving marginal likelihood estimation for bayesian phylogenetic model selection. Systematic Biology 2011;60:150-160. hups://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syq085
- Yang Z. Ne BPP program for species tree estimation and species delimitation. Current Zoology 2015;61:854-865. hups://doi.org/10.1093/ czoolo/61.5.854
- Yang Z, Rannala B.Bayes estimation of species divergence times and ancestral population sizes using DNA sequences from multiple loci.Genetics 2010;164:1645-1656. hups://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0913022107
- Yu G, Rao D, Matsui M et al. Coalescent-based delimitation outperforms distance-based methods for delineating less divergent species: the case of Kurixalus odontotarsus species group. Scientific Reports 2017;7:1-13. hups://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-16309-1