An Observational Assessment of the Impact of Maternal Anemia on Perinatal Outcome

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Abstract (English)

Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to find the impact of maternal anemia on perinatal outcome.
Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of community medicine, JNKTMCH, Madhepura,
Bihar, India from Jan 2021 to December 2021 and 100 patients were included in the study.
Results: Most (43% & 39%) of the pregnant women were in the 25-29 & 20-24 yrs of age group. Only 9% of the
pregnant women were less than 20 years of age and 9% were more than 30 years. As the level of education
increased, severity of anemia decreased although the difference is not statistically significant. Most of the patients
were second gravid i.e. 44%. Most the pregnant women were moderately anemic i.e. 49% followed by mild (45%)
and severe (4%) respectively. Among the pregnant women most common type of anemia is Iron deficiency anemia
(69%) followed by Sickle cell anemia (16%) and other cause (11%). The distribution of various maternal outcome
related to anemia, in which most common found to be low birth weight (31%) followed by premature delivery
(24%). The distribution of various fetal outcome in anemic mother in the form of preterm (15%) followed by
NICU admission (13%) and FGR (9%).
Conclusion: Anemia being one of the most important cause of poor feto maternal outcome should be treated
preconceptionally. There is a need of health education programmers and adequate intake of iron rich diet during
pregnancy, to be strengthened for safe maternal and fetal outcomes.