The Impact of Maternal Obesity on Pregnancy Complications and Neonatal Outcomes
- 1. Senior Resident, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, NMCH, Patna
- 2. Professor (HOD), Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, NMCH, Patna
Description
Background: Evidence suggests maternal obesity is a global risk factor for pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Labour complications, gestational diabetes, and hypertension in obese women can harm newborn health. These linkages must be understood to improve maternal health throughout pregnancy and develop appropriate preventive measures. Methods: This study examined data from July 2023 to April 2024, including 60 pregnant women with a BMI of 30 kg/m² or above before pregnancy. Electronic medical records were used to assess demographics, medical history, pregnancy issues (such as gestational diabetes or hypertensive disorders), delivery outcomes, and neonatal outcomes (such as birth weight, Apgar scores, NICU admissions, or congenital abnormalities). Statisticians used descriptive statistics and comparison tests. Results: Overweight mothers had more hypertension issues (30%), caesarean deliveries (41.7%), and gestational diabetes (25%). Birth weight for babies born to overweight mothers averaged 3,550 grammes, and 20% required neonatal critical care. The average Apgar score at 5 minutes was 8.2, indicating good newborn adaptation. Birth defects affected 6.7% of newborns. Conclusion: The study emphasises early intervention and comprehensive prenatal care to address maternal obesity and its consequences on pregnancy and newborn outcomes. Optimising maternal metabolic health and perinatal outcomes includes addressing obesity before and during pregnancy. Health professionals can minimise maternal obesity and enhance birth outcomes by increasing prenatal screenings and using evidence-based interventions.
Abstract (English)
Background: Evidence suggests maternal obesity is a global risk factor for pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Labour complications, gestational diabetes, and hypertension in obese women can harm newborn health. These linkages must be understood to improve maternal health throughout pregnancy and develop appropriate preventive measures. Methods: This study examined data from July 2023 to April 2024, including 60 pregnant women with a BMI of 30 kg/m² or above before pregnancy. Electronic medical records were used to assess demographics, medical history, pregnancy issues (such as gestational diabetes or hypertensive disorders), delivery outcomes, and neonatal outcomes (such as birth weight, Apgar scores, NICU admissions, or congenital abnormalities). Statisticians used descriptive statistics and comparison tests. Results: Overweight mothers had more hypertension issues (30%), caesarean deliveries (41.7%), and gestational diabetes (25%). Birth weight for babies born to overweight mothers averaged 3,550 grammes, and 20% required neonatal critical care. The average Apgar score at 5 minutes was 8.2, indicating good newborn adaptation. Birth defects affected 6.7% of newborns. Conclusion: The study emphasises early intervention and comprehensive prenatal care to address maternal obesity and its consequences on pregnancy and newborn outcomes. Optimising maternal metabolic health and perinatal outcomes includes addressing obesity before and during pregnancy. Health professionals can minimise maternal obesity and enhance birth outcomes by increasing prenatal screenings and using evidence-based interventions.
Files
IJPCR,Vol16,Issue5,Article271.pdf
Files
(767.5 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:d83aff1750e41844c9b9d03df88b14a2
|
767.5 kB | Preview Download |
Additional details
Dates
- Accepted
-
2024-04-26
Software
- Repository URL
- https://impactfactor.org/PDF/IJPCR/16/IJPCR,Vol16,Issue5,Article271.pdf
- Development Status
- Active
References
- 1. I. Melchor, J. Burgos, A. Del Campo, A. Aiartzaguena, J. Gutiérrez, and J. C. Melchor, "Effect of maternal obesity on pregnancy outcomes in women delivering singleton babies: a historical cohort study," J. Perinat. Med., vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 625-630, 2019. 2. I. Kutchi, P. Chellammal, and A. Akila, "Maternal obesity and pregnancy outcome: in perspective of new Asian Indian guidelines," J. Obstet. Gynecol. India, vol. 70, pp. 138-144, 2020. 3. J. Indarti, S. A. Susilo, P. Hyawicaksono, J. S. N. Berguna, G. A. Tyagitha, and M. Ikhsan, "Maternal and perinatal outcome of maternal obesity at RSCM in 2014–2019," Obstet. Gynecol. Int., 2021, Art. no. 6039565. 4. Z. Yang, H. Phung, L. Freebairn, R. Sexton, A. Raulli, and P. Kelly, "Contribution of maternal overweight and obesity to the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes," Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol., vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 367-374, 2019. 5. P. Alves, M. F. Malheiro, J. C. Gomes, T. Ferraz, and N. Montenegro, "Risks of maternal obesity in pregnancy: a case-control study in a Portuguese obstetrical population," Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet., vol. 41, no. 12, pp. 682-687, 2019. 6. J. S. Nunes, R. Ladeiras, L. Machado, D. Coelho, C. Duarte, and J. M. Furtado, "The influence of preeclampsia, advanced maternal age and maternal obesity in neonatal outcomes among women with gestational diabetes," Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet., vol. 42, no. 10, pp. 607- 613, 2020. 7. H. Ijäs, S. Koivunen, T. Raudaskoski, E. Kajantie, M. Gissler, and M. Vääräsmäki,"Independent and concomitant associations of gestational diabetes and maternal obesity to perinatal outcome: A register-based study," PLoS One, vol. 14, no. 8, p. e0221549, 2019. 8. M. Simko et al., "Maternal body mass index and gestational weight gain and their association with pregnancy complications and perinatal conditions," Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 16, no. 10, p. 1751, 2019. 9. E. González-Plaza, J. Bellart, M. Á. MartínezVerdú, Á. Arranz, L. Luján-Barroso, and G. Seguranyes, "Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity prevalence and relation to maternal and perinatal outcomes," Enferm. Clin. (Engl. Ed.), vol. 32, pp. S23-S30, 2022. 10. Y. Zhou, H. Li, Y. Zhang, L. Zhang, J. Liu, and J. Liu, "Association of maternal obesity in early pregnancy with adverse pregnancy outcomes: a Chinese prospective cohort analysis," Obesity, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 1030-1036, 2019. 11. R. Dalbye et al., "Maternal body mass index and risk of obstetric, maternal and neonatal outcomes: A cohort study of nulliparous women with spontaneous onset of labor," Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand., vol. 100, no. 3, pp. 521-530, 2021. 12. C. Lauth, J. Huet, P. Dolley, P. Thibon, and M. Dreyfus, "Maternal obesity in prolonged pregnancy: Labor, mode of delivery, maternal and fetal outcomes," J. Gynecol. Obstet. Hum. Reprod., vol. 50, no. 1, p. 101909, 2021. 13. J. A. Grieger et al., "A review of maternal overweight and obesity and its impact on cardiometabolic outcomes during pregnancy and postpartum," Ther. Adv. Reprod. Health, vol. 15, p. 2633494120986544, 2021. 14. K. Addicott et al., "Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with increasing maternal obesity," Am. J. Perinatol., vol. 41, no. 09, pp. 1275- 1281, 2024. 15. B. Bhowmik et al., "Maternal BMI and nutritional status in early pregnancy and its impact on neonatal outcomes at birth in Bangladesh," BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, vol. 19, pp. 1-14, 2019.