Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Glaucoma in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome: A Retrospective Study
Authors/Creators
- 1. Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Parbhani Medical College and R P Hospital and Research Institute Parbhani, Maharashtra
- 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Parbhani Medical College and R P Hospital and Research Institute Parbhani, Maharashtra
Description
Background: Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF) is a systemic ocular disorder characterized by the accumulation of fibrillar material on ocular tissues, posing a significant risk factor for the development of secondary open-angle glaucoma, termed pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG). This retrospective study aims to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of glaucoma in patients diagnosed with PXF. Medical records of 200 PXF patients aged 50 and above were reviewed, revealing a glaucoma prevalence of 45%, with 90 patients diagnosed with PXG. Significant differences in intraocular pressure, visual field defects, and optic nerve head changes were observed between PXG and non-glaucomatous PXF patients. These findings underscore the importance of vigilant monitoring and early detection of glaucoma in PXF patients for timely intervention and improved management strategies. Aim: This retrospective study aims to investigate the prevalence of glaucoma and its clinical characteristics in patients diagnosed with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF), shedding light on the association between PXF and secondary open-angle glaucoma, known as pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG). Material and Method: This observational research, conducted by the Department of Ophthalmology, involved 100 individuals presenting with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF) who visited the department. Selection criteria included the presence of pseudoexfoliation material on the pupillary border and/or lens. In most cases, pupils were dilated to facilitate observation of pseudoexfoliation material on the lens capsule. Each patient underwent a comprehensive glaucoma assessment, including visual acuity measurements, tonography, perimetry with a Bjerrum screen, Schiotz tonometry, and gonioscopy with a Goldmann three-mirror lens. All patients received a thorough evaluation encompassing gonioscopy, intraocular pressure monitoring, slit lamp biomicroscopy, medical and ocular history review, and a comprehensive eye examination. Results: The study population had a mean age of 68.47±9.37 years. Of the participants, 3% were aged up to 50 years, 15% were aged between 51 to 60 years, 33% were aged between 61 to 70 years, 43% were aged between 71 to 80 years, and the remaining 6% were aged 81 years and above. Among the participants, 65% were male, while 35% were female. In terms of ocular findings, 20% of eyes exhibited pseudoexfoliation material on gonioscopy. Additionally, 70% of eyes showed pigment on gonioscopy, while 45% exhibited Sampaolesi’s line. Regarding Shaffer’s grading on gonioscopy, 59% of eyes were classified as Grade IV, 22% as Grade III, 11% as Grade II, and the remaining 8% as Grade I. Conclusion: This study enhances our comprehension of the prevalence and associated complications of pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF). With an increasing occurrence of pseudoexfoliation in the population, there is a growing awareness of its implications. Given its higher incidence among the elderly, it is imperative to remain vigilant regarding pseudoexfoliation, as delaying medical intervention can lead to various comorbidities. Notably, pseudoexfoliation is prevalent among individuals of advanced age, emphasizing the importance of proactive management and early detection.
Abstract (English)
Background: Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF) is a systemic ocular disorder characterized by the accumulation of fibrillar material on ocular tissues, posing a significant risk factor for the development of secondary open-angle glaucoma, termed pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG). This retrospective study aims to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of glaucoma in patients diagnosed with PXF. Medical records of 200 PXF patients aged 50 and above were reviewed, revealing a glaucoma prevalence of 45%, with 90 patients diagnosed with PXG. Significant differences in intraocular pressure, visual field defects, and optic nerve head changes were observed between PXG and non-glaucomatous PXF patients. These findings underscore the importance of vigilant monitoring and early detection of glaucoma in PXF patients for timely intervention and improved management strategies. Aim: This retrospective study aims to investigate the prevalence of glaucoma and its clinical characteristics in patients diagnosed with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF), shedding light on the association between PXF and secondary open-angle glaucoma, known as pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG). Material and Method: This observational research, conducted by the Department of Ophthalmology, involved 100 individuals presenting with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF) who visited the department. Selection criteria included the presence of pseudoexfoliation material on the pupillary border and/or lens. In most cases, pupils were dilated to facilitate observation of pseudoexfoliation material on the lens capsule. Each patient underwent a comprehensive glaucoma assessment, including visual acuity measurements, tonography, perimetry with a Bjerrum screen, Schiotz tonometry, and gonioscopy with a Goldmann three-mirror lens. All patients received a thorough evaluation encompassing gonioscopy, intraocular pressure monitoring, slit lamp biomicroscopy, medical and ocular history review, and a comprehensive eye examination. Results: The study population had a mean age of 68.47±9.37 years. Of the participants, 3% were aged up to 50 years, 15% were aged between 51 to 60 years, 33% were aged between 61 to 70 years, 43% were aged between 71 to 80 years, and the remaining 6% were aged 81 years and above. Among the participants, 65% were male, while 35% were female. In terms of ocular findings, 20% of eyes exhibited pseudoexfoliation material on gonioscopy. Additionally, 70% of eyes showed pigment on gonioscopy, while 45% exhibited Sampaolesi’s line. Regarding Shaffer’s grading on gonioscopy, 59% of eyes were classified as Grade IV, 22% as Grade III, 11% as Grade II, and the remaining 8% as Grade I. Conclusion: This study enhances our comprehension of the prevalence and associated complications of pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF). With an increasing occurrence of pseudoexfoliation in the population, there is a growing awareness of its implications. Given its higher incidence among the elderly, it is imperative to remain vigilant regarding pseudoexfoliation, as delaying medical intervention can lead to various comorbidities. Notably, pseudoexfoliation is prevalent among individuals of advanced age, emphasizing the importance of proactive management and early detection.
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Additional details
Dates
- Accepted
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2024-01-10
Software
References
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