D2.3: Archetypes and methodology for designing Governance & Collaborative Business Models for 0FLW Data Space and Applications

The goal of this document is to describe a methodology for designing the (alliance) governance and collaborative business models that ensure the sustainable exploitation of 0FLW applications and data space. Business model and governance decision making are key to develop new data spaces, explaining both the value as well as rules for collaboration and interaction. However, business models and governance are highly interlinked, featuring many concurrent design choices – as a consequence, developing data spaces can be highly complex. To reduce this complexity, design support in terms of methods and tools is needed.

Other initiatives are investigated to determine the best practices (in terms of validated methods, approaches to support business model and governance development) based on the most recent developments and expertise. Synthesis of literature and especially initiatives like PLOUTOS, Data Sharing Coalition and the “Rule book for a fair data economy” from SITRA has provided valuable insights for the proposed methodology and a rich set of tools.
This deliverable presents the initial version of an approach to support decision making on governance and business models in the context of data space development. This approach is intended to be used by the SILLs in ZeroW to support the development of data spaces for safe data sharing in each of the SILLs, clarifying what business decisions (in terms of business models and governance structure) should be made and when these should be made. Additionally, the approach emphasizes the importance of thinking about what value propositions or business models can be enabled through the deployment and use of a novel data space, as well as stresses the importance of understanding what governance model is best applicable here.

This document describes:

• A comprehensive inventory of appropriate EU initiatives regarding business and governance models;
• Methodology and tools collected from best practices of other initiatives, to create business and governance models for sustainable 0FLW implementations;
• An approach for operationalisation of the proposed methodology to include the phases for exploration, design, evaluation, quantitative detailing, planning and monitoring;
• Recommendations for further refinement and application within ZeroW.

Analysis of the literature has highlighted that an approach to support data space development in terms of decision making on the governance structure or business model aspects was not yet available: although stand-alone methods and tools have been developed for business modelling and research has conceptually addressed how governance is relevant for business models, no support currently exists to integrate and operationalize both concepts. The proposed approach for setting up the business model aspects for the collaborative exchange of information along the supply chain and the governance decisions needed to do so is therefore the main research contribution of task T2.2. Although the business modelling tools can be partly re-used (but requires adaptation to accommodate the characteristics of data spaces), we have developed the approach to support governance decision making as part of this deliverable as no tool was identified to serve as a starting point. To do so, we have built upon existing governance models introduced and analysed how these models overlap and what aspects are addressed. On the basis of this, we propose an approach to iteratively deal with these concepts for governance decision making.

This document provides an easy overview of these tools (business modelling and governance decision making) but also a way of working and guidance on how to use them and to integrate both concepts for data space development. Scalability and federation of business- and IT services have been taken into account to increase the adaption of the ZeroW concepts to enable more and better collaboration along the supply chain, with the goal to reduce food waste. It is our belief that the proposed methodology for the 0FLW domain can also be used within other domains.

The approach concerns an initial version: through use of the approach by the SILLs in ZeroW, the objective is to capture feedback on the usefulness and ease-of-use of the approach. Using the approach, we expect that SILLs will be able to understand the value that is created by means of a (local) data space in terms of associated business models (for example to counteract FLW or to support digital innovations aimed at efficient food production), how this data space is supported and what governance decisions are made in terms of participation, data exchange and collaboration protocols and policies. It should also provide input to SILLs on how to scale their data space over time (i.e. to connect data spaces based on shared value propositions). Using the approach, it should become apparent where the strengths and weaknesses of the approach are and how its usefulness can be improved. Based on this feedback, the proposed approach will be improved further as part of upcoming tasks within WP2 and the resulting business and governance models to be used will be included in the corresponding project deliverables.