Factors influencing patient safety culture in hospitals: Literature review

Patient safety is a system that aims to enhance the safety of patient care and prevent injuries resulting from errors during the execution of action. According to the 2011 Minister of Health Regulation concerning Hospital Patient Safety, every hospital is required to undertake patient safety management because hospitals are the most likely locations for patient safety events to occur (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2011). As a result, hospital culture and patient safety are intertwined. There are various factors that affect patient safety culture. Objectives: To determined the various factors that influence the culture of patient safety in a hospital. Methods: Article search is done through ScienceDirect database, Garuda Portal, and Google Scholar. The keywords entered use Indonesian and English, where for Indonesian keywords are "keselamatan pasien" DAN "rumah sakit", while for English are "patient safety" AND "factors" AND "hospital". From the articles found, the author took 5 articles whose articles were in accordance with inclusion criteria and considered relevant to the topic of discussion. Results: Factors that influence patient safety culture in hospitals include, 1) Economic Aspects; 2) Leadership; 3) Culture; 4) Risk Management System and Health Services; 5) Knowledge, Attitudes, and Actions; 6) Analysis of the Situation and Conditions of the Working Environment; 7) Stress Level and Workload of Nurses; 8) Mentoring Program; 9) Nursing Supervision and Evaluation of the Application of Patient Safety Goals; 10) Teamwork; and 11) Organizational Learning. Conclusions: There are various factors that influence the culture of patient safety in hospitals.