Determinant Factors Affecting the Development of Digital Competencies of Primary School Students

The global trend of Industry 4.0 has significantly accelerated the digital transformation process. In the field of education, digital transformation is bringing substantial changes to the educational policies and orientations of many countries, especially developing nations. This necessitates equipping students with comprehensive knowledge, skills, and digital competencies to enhance teaching quality and meet future societal demands, even starting from primary education. Although the development of digital competence is expected to yield positive outcomes, it also poses considerable challenges for educators in terms of thorough preparation and policy formulation. The purpose of this study is to explore the factors influencing the development of digital competence in primary school students. The validity and reliability of the measurement tools were assessed using SPSS analysis to perform exploratory factor analysis (EFA), determine reliability, and extract prominent factors. Factor analysis using Varimax rotation retained 16 items in the questionnaire. Analysis of the results from 86 survey samples revealed three factors influencing the development of digital competence, with a KMO measure of sampling adequacy of 0.903; Bartlett's test indicated a Chi-Square significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. These findings provide direction for teachers in identifying priorities to form and develop digital competence in primary school students.