ECOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION: A STATE-OF-THE-ART ANALYSIS

Roads are vital for transportation and economic development. However, their construction and use pose significant ecological and environmental challenges. This paper provides a state-of-the-art analysis of these issues, drawing on recent scientific literature. We examine the impact of road construction on habitat fragmentation, wildlife mortality, water and air pollution, soil erosion, and noise pollution. We also discuss the potential consequences of climate change on road infrastructure. Finally, we explore mitigation strategies and best practices to minimize the environmental footprint of road construction projects