World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
Published March 1, 2017 | Version 10006940
Journal article Open

Morphological Analysis of English L1-Persian L2 Adult Learners' Interlanguage: From the Perspective of SLA Variation

Creators

Description

Studies on interlanguage have long been engaged in describing the phenomenon of variation in SLA. Pursuing the same goal and particularly addressing the role of linguistic features, this study describes the use of Persian morphology in the interlanguage of two adult English-speaking learners of Persian L2. Taking the general approach of a combination of contrastive analysis, error analysis and interlanguage analysis, this study focuses on the identification and prediction of some possible instances of transfer from English L1 to Persian L2 across six elicitation tasks aiming to investigate whether any of contextual features may variably influence the learners' order of morpheme accuracy in the areas of copula, possessives, articles, demonstratives, plural form, personal pronouns, and genitive cases.  Results describe the existence of task variation in the interlanguage system of Persian L2 learners.

Files

10006940.pdf

Files (286.4 kB)

Name Size Download all
md5:b6b283926c885e264bfeaf86a321f343
286.4 kB Preview Download

Additional details

References

  • C. Fries, Teaching and learning English as a foreign language. Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 1945.
  • R. Lado, Linguistics across cultures: Applied linguistics for language teachers. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan press, 1957.
  • S. P. Corder, "The significance of learner's errors," International Review of Applied Linguistics (IRAL), vol. 5, pp. 160-170, 1967.
  • L. Selinker, "Interlanguage," IRAL, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 209-231, 1972.
  • S. Dessouky, "Error analysis: A non-stop area of research," Studies in Curricula and Methodology, vol. 8, pp.146-17, 1990.
  • R. Ellis, The study of second language acquisition (2nd ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
  • P. Lightbown, and N. Spada, How languages are learned (Vol. 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
  • A. Mahmoud, (2011), "The role of interlingual and intralingual transfer in learner-centered EFL vocabulary instruction", Arab World English Journal, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 28-47, 2011.
  • E. Tarone, and B. Swierzbin, Exploring learner language, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. [10] E. Tarone, "On Chameleons and Monitors," In the Dynamic Interlanguage: Empirical Studies in Second Language Variation, M. R. Eisenstein Ed., New York: New York University Press, 1989, pp. 3-14. [11] E. Tarone, Variation in interlanguage, NY: Edward Arnold Publishers, 1988. [12] L. Dickerson, "The leaner's interlanguage as a system of variable rules," TESOL Quarterly vol. 9, pp. 401-407, 1975. [13] W. Wolfram, "Variability in tense marking: A case for the obvious," Language Learning, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 229-253, 1985. [14] L. Beebe, "Sociolinguistic variation and style shifting in second language acquisition," Language Learning, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 433-447, 1980. [15] J. Lantolf, and R. Khanji, "Nonlinguistic parameters of interlanguage performance," In The Ninth LACUS forum, J. Morreall, Ed., Columbia, SC: Hornbeam Press, 1983, pp. 457-472. [16] R. W. Schmidt, "Sociolinguistic variation and language transfer in phonology," In Interlanguage phonology: The acquisition of a second language sound system, G. Ioup and S. Weinberger, Eds., Cambridge, MA: Newbury House, 1987. [17] T. Huebner, "System and variability in interlanguage syntax, Language Learning, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 141-163, 1985. [18] S. Krashen, Principles and practice in second language acquisition, Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1982. [19] E. Tarone, "Variability in interlanguage use: A study of style-shifting in morphology and syntax," Language Learning, vol. 35, pp. 373-403, 1985. [20] E. Tarone, "Interlanguage as Chameleon," Language Learning, vol. 29, pp. 181-191, 1979. [21] R. C. Major, Foreign accent: The ontogeny and phylogeny of second language phonology, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2001. [22] R. C. Major, "Identifying a foreign accent in an unfamiliar language," Studies in Second Language Acquisition, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 539-556, 2007. [23] S. Khanzadi, "Selected annotated bibliography on Persian/Farsi learner language," 2011. Accessed Dec. 23, 2014 at http://www.carla.umn.edu/learnerlanguage/per/bib.html. [24] F. Tarallo, and J. Myhill, "Interference and natural language processing in second language acquisition," Language Learning, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 55-76, 1983. [25] E. Ghadessy, Some problems of American students in mastering Persian phonology, PhD dissertation, University of Texas, Austin, USA,1998. [26] M. H. Keshavarz, "Morphological development in the speech of Persian–English bilingual child" Journal of psycholinguistic research, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 255–272, 2007. [27] R. Brown, "Development of the first language in the human species," American Psychologist, vol. 28, no. 2, p. 97, 1973. [28] S. Khanzadi, Velar fricatives in English-Persian learner language, Unpublished M.A. Qualifying Paper, University of Minnesota, USA., 2014. Available and downloadable at: http://conservancy.umn.edu/handle/11299/163632/discover. [29] http://www.carla.umn.edu/learnerlanguage/per/videos.html [30] M. Fallahi, Contrastive linguistics and analysis of errors: The grammatical structure of English and Persian, Tehran: Iran University Press, 1991. [31] M. Swan, Practical English usage, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. [32] M. Hayati, and G. Kalanzadeh, "A contrastive study of English and Persian linking verb complementation," pp. 146-172, 2005. Retrieved from: http://bibliotecavirtualut.suagm.edu/Glossa2/Journal/dec2008/A%20Contra stive%205tudv%20of% 20enqlish.pdf [33] D. Crystal, An encyclopidic dictionary of language and languages, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. [34] E. Faghih, "A contrastive analysis of the Persian and English definite articles," International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching (IRAL), vol. 35, no. 12, 1977. doi: 0019042X (507578013). [35] M. Meshkatodini, An Introduction to Persian Transformation Syntax, Mashhad, Iran: Ferdowsi University Press, 1996. [36] M. Bateni, Description of grammatical structure of Persian language, Tehran: Amirkabir Publications, 1985. [37] http://www.carla.umn.edu/learnerlanguage/per/II/activity1.html. [38] http://www.carla.umn.edu/learnerlanguage/prompts. [39] R. Ellis, The study of second language acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994. [40] T. Pica, "Adult acquisition of English as a second language under different conditions of exposure," Language Learning, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 465-497, 1983. [41] D. Larsen-Freeman, "The acquisition of grammatical morphemes by adult ESL students," TESOL Quarterly, vol. 9, pp. 409–419, 1975. [42] T. Odlin, "Rediscovering prediction," In Interlanguage: 40 years later, Z. Hong Han and E. Tarone, Eds., USA: John Benjamins, 2014, ch1.