Anti-Cancer Activity Of Cisplatin And Its Toxicity

Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells proliferate in the body. It is a group of various diseases involving uncontrolled multiplication and division of abnormal cells in the body. These abnormal cells form malignant growths which called neoplasm. Nowadays, cancer considered as one of the most prevalent diseases in the world, and its mortality is increasing. It is necessary to investigate new strategies to prevent and treat disease. Nowadays, a lot of research is going on precision medicine for a better future of cancer treatments. The common therapies are given to patient’s chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, surgery and hormone therapy and combinations of these therapies. Stem cell transplant is also the best therapy for cancer but it given after the common therapies to recover the patient from blood loss and help in making the patient healthy. Cisplatin and other platinum-based drugs, such as carboplatin, ormaplatin, and oxaliplatin, have been widely used to treat a multitude of human cancers. However, a considerable proportion of patients often relapse due to drug resistance and/or toxicity to multiple organs including the liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and the cardiovascular, hematologic, and nervous systems. In this study, we sought to provide a comprehensive review of the current state of the science highlighting the use of cisplatin in cancer therapy, with a special emphasis on its molecular mechanisms of action, and treatment modalities including the combination therapy with natural products.