Study of Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with First trimester Vaginal Bleeding in North Karnataka Population
Creators
- 1. Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical Science, Khaja, Banda Nawaz University, Kalaburgi, Karnataka-585104
- 2. Junior Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical Science, Khaja, Banda Nawaz University, Kalaburgi, Karnataka-585104
Description
Background: Although first trimester vaginal bleeding had normal pregnancy in 50% of cases, vaginal bleeding during the first trimester was associated with spontaneous abortion, miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy, and low birth weight foetuses; hence, it had to be managed meticulously to prevent mortality of the foetus and morbidities in pregnant women. Method: 100 (one hundred) pregnant women with first-trimester vaginal bleeding were studied. Detailed history, Physical and obstetrical examinations were carried out. Blood investigations —CBC, ABO, “Rhtyping,” BT, CT, HIV, HBsAg, VDRL, HCV, FBS, TSH, and beta-HCG, and urine analysis was carried out in every patient. USG was performed to determine the period of gestation, cardiac status, the size of the sub-chorionic hemomatoma, the adnexal mass, and the free fluid. Results: The bleeding volume was 22% spotting, 74% had moderate bleeding, and 4% of patients had heavy bleeding. Nulliparity was observed in 56%, 1 in 28%, 2 in 10%,>2 in 6% of the patients. History of bleeding was in 34% and history of abortion was 14% patients, 24% premature labour, 6% PROM, 14% placental abruption, 4% was IU death, 4% was IU growth retardation, 48% patients had no complication, 14% had abortion, 8% had termination of pregnancy, 26% had normal vaginal delivery, 30% had caesarean delivery, 10 had poor minute 5 APGAR score, 12% had NICU admission. Conclusion: It is concluded that vaginal bleeding during the first trimester has diagnostic value for maternal and foetal complications, and it is a challenge for obstetricians and gynaecologist to evaluate and treat efficiently to prevent morbidity and fetal mortality.
Abstract (English)
Background: Although first trimester vaginal bleeding had normal pregnancy in 50% of cases, vaginal bleeding during the first trimester was associated with spontaneous abortion, miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy, and low birth weight foetuses; hence, it had to be managed meticulously to prevent mortality of the foetus and morbidities in pregnant women. Method: 100 (one hundred) pregnant women with first-trimester vaginal bleeding were studied. Detailed history, Physical and obstetrical examinations were carried out. Blood investigations —CBC, ABO, “Rhtyping,” BT, CT, HIV, HBsAg, VDRL, HCV, FBS, TSH, and beta-HCG, and urine analysis was carried out in every patient. USG was performed to determine the period of gestation, cardiac status, the size of the sub-chorionic hemomatoma, the adnexal mass, and the free fluid. Results: The bleeding volume was 22% spotting, 74% had moderate bleeding, and 4% of patients had heavy bleeding. Nulliparity was observed in 56%, 1 in 28%, 2 in 10%,>2 in 6% of the patients. History of bleeding was in 34% and history of abortion was 14% patients, 24% premature labour, 6% PROM, 14% placental abruption, 4% was IU death, 4% was IU growth retardation, 48% patients had no complication, 14% had abortion, 8% had termination of pregnancy, 26% had normal vaginal delivery, 30% had caesarean delivery, 10 had poor minute 5 APGAR score, 12% had NICU admission. Conclusion: It is concluded that vaginal bleeding during the first trimester has diagnostic value for maternal and foetal complications, and it is a challenge for obstetricians and gynaecologist to evaluate and treat efficiently to prevent morbidity and fetal mortality.
Files
IJPCR,Vol15,Issue12,Article41.pdf
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Additional details
Dates
- Accepted
-
2023-11-30
Software
- Repository URL
- https://impactfactor.org/PDF/IJPCR/15/IJPCR,Vol15,Issue12,Article41.pdf
- Development Status
- Active
References
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