Refractive Changes and Visual Acuity among Pregnant Women of Southern Rajasthan Region
Authors/Creators
- 1. Associate Professor, Department of Opthalmology, American International Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur.
- 2. Junior Resident, Department of Opthalmology, American International Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur
- 3. Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Geetanjali , Medical College and hospital, Udaipur.
- 4. Senior Resident, Department of Opthalmology, American International Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur.
Description
Introduction: Changes in the eye have been linked to pregnancy; these changes may be natural, pathogenic, or an aggravation of pre-existing ocular diseases. Changes in refractive error (RE) and visual acuity (VA) are two examples of the physiological changes that might take place during pregnancy. Objective: The goal of the current study was to examine changes in VA and RE in pregnant women of Udaipur region during the course of second and third trimesters and six weeks after giving birth. Materials and Methods: Pregnant women in their second trimester who were attending an antenatal clinic were sequentially recruited for a longitudinal study. Information on their sociodemographic and clinical traits was gathered using a questionnaire. Measurements of visual acuity and refractive error were made during the second and third trimesters as well as six weeks following delivery. Result: The average age of women were 36.87 ± 6.35 years. In comparison to the second trimester, more women in the third trimester saw a worsening in Visual Acuity (VA) for distance. VA remained essentially changed during the course of the trial. Pregnant women experienced an increased myopic shift in the third trimester (40.83 % in left eye and 44.16 % in right eye) compared to the second trimester (35.83 % in left eye and 37.50 % in right eye). Simple myopia was the most prevalent refractive error among the women. Six weeks after delivery, these modifications disappeared. Conclusion: Pregnancy worsened Visual acuity (VA) for distance, and simple myopia was the most prevalent Refractive Error among pregnant women. However, during the postpartum phase, these modifications disappeared.
Abstract (English)
Introduction: Changes in the eye have been linked to pregnancy; these changes may be natural, pathogenic, or an aggravation of pre-existing ocular diseases. Changes in refractive error (RE) and visual acuity (VA) are two examples of the physiological changes that might take place during pregnancy. Objective: The goal of the current study was to examine changes in VA and RE in pregnant women of Udaipur region during the course of second and third trimesters and six weeks after giving birth. Materials and Methods: Pregnant women in their second trimester who were attending an antenatal clinic were sequentially recruited for a longitudinal study. Information on their sociodemographic and clinical traits was gathered using a questionnaire. Measurements of visual acuity and refractive error were made during the second and third trimesters as well as six weeks following delivery. Result: The average age of women were 36.87 ± 6.35 years. In comparison to the second trimester, more women in the third trimester saw a worsening in Visual Acuity (VA) for distance. VA remained essentially changed during the course of the trial. Pregnant women experienced an increased myopic shift in the third trimester (40.83 % in left eye and 44.16 % in right eye) compared to the second trimester (35.83 % in left eye and 37.50 % in right eye). Simple myopia was the most prevalent refractive error among the women. Six weeks after delivery, these modifications disappeared. Conclusion: Pregnancy worsened Visual acuity (VA) for distance, and simple myopia was the most prevalent Refractive Error among pregnant women. However, during the postpartum phase, these modifications disappeared.
Files
IJTPR,Vol13,Issue11,Article36.pdf
Files
(387.6 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:ded296ba2ae129d4cedb3d923de0cef7
|
387.6 kB | Preview Download |
Additional details
Dates
- Accepted
-
2023-11-27
Software
References
- 1. Soma-Pila P, Nelson-Piercy C, Mebazaa A. Physiological changes in pregnancy. Cardiov asc J Afr. 2016; 27:89–94. 2. Mackensen F, Paulus W, Ness T. Ocular changes in pregnancy. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 20 14; 111:567–76. 3. Albert C, Ingrid US. Ocular changes during pregnancy edited by Sharon F. American Acedemy of Ophthalmology. Ophthalmic Pearls. 2012:41–3. 4. Gotovac M, Kastelan SL. Eye and pregnancy. Coll Antropol. 2013; 37:89–93. 5. Garg P, Aggarwal P. Ocular changes in pregnancy. Nepal J Ophthalmol. 2012; 4:150–61. 6. Kubicka-Trzaska A, Karska-Basta I, Kobylarz J, Romanowska-Dixon B. Pregnancy and the eye. Klin Oczna. 2008; 110:401–4. 7. Sunnes JS. The pregnant woman's eye. Surv Ophthalmol. 1988; 32:219–38. 8. Sunness J, Santos A. Pregnancy and the mother's eye. in Duane's Clinical Ophthalmology. In: Tasman W, Jaeger E, editors. Philadelphia, Pa, USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1994; 1– 25. 9. Marsden J, Stevens S, Ebri A. How to measure distance acuity. Community Eye Health. 2014; 27:16. 10. Kedir J, Girma A. Prevalence of refractive error and visual impairment among rural school age children of Goro district, Gurage zone, Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2014; 24: 353–8. 11. Mehdizadehkashi K, Chaiihian S, Mehdizaadeehkashi A, Jafarzadepour E, Tamannaie Z, Moazzami B, et al. Visual acuity changes during pregnancy and postpartum: A cross sectional study in Iran. J Pregnancy. 2014;20 14:1– 4. 12. Sagili CR, Sivalingam N, Sheila R, Kovil G, Tham S. Fundus changes in pregnancy induced hypertension. Int J Ophthalmol. 2012; 5:694– 7. 13. Muhammad YG, Emmanual AU. The pattern of anaemia in northern pregnant women. J Med Med Sci. 2013; 4:319–23. 14. Ebeigbe JA, Ebeigbe PN, Ighoroje AD. Ocular changes in pregnant Nigerian women. Nig J Clin Pract. 2011; 15:298–301. 15. Pizarello LD. Refractive changes in pregnancy. Grafes Arch Clin Expt Ophthalmol. 2003; 241:484–8. 16. Sharma S, Rekha W, Sharma T, Downey G. Refractive issues in pregnancy. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2006; 46:186–8. 17. Park SB, Lindahl KJ, Temnycky GO, Aquavella JV. The effect of pregnancy on corneal curvature. Contact Lens Assoc Ophthal J. 1992; 18:256–9. 18. Samra KA. The eye and visual system in pregnancy, what to expect? An in-depth review. Samra Oman J Ophthalmol. 2013; 6:87– 91. 19. Yenerel NM, Kucumen RB. Pregnancy and the eye. Turk J phthalmol. 2015; 45:213–9. 20. Sagili CR, Sivalingam N, Sheila R, Kovil G, Tham S. Fundus changes in pregnancy induced hypertension. Int J Ophthalmol. 2012; 5:694– 7.