Published April 19, 2024 | Version v1
Dataset Open

Striking variation in chromosome structure within Musa acuminata and its diploid cultivars

  • 1. Institute of Experimental Botany
  • 2. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Description

The majority of cultivated bananas originated from inter- and intra(sub)specific crosses between two wild diploid species, Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana. Hybridization and polyploidization events during the evolution of bananas led to the formation of clonally propagated cultivars characterized by a high level of genome heterozygosity and reduced fertility. The combination of low fertility of edible clones and differences in the chromosome structure among M. acuminata subspecies greatly hampers the breeding of improved banana cultivars. Using comparative oligo painting we investigated large chromosomal rearrangements in a set of wild M. acuminata subspecies and cultivars that originated by natural crosses. Additionally, we analyzed chromosome structure of F1 progeny that resulted from crosses between Mchare bananas and wild M. acuminata 'Calcutta 4' genotype. Analysis of chromosome structure within M. acuminata revealed the presence of a large number of chromosomal rearrangements showing a correlation with banana speciation. Chromosome painting of F1 hybrids was complemented by Illumina resequencing, which enabled to identify the contribution of parental subgenomes to the diploid hybrid clones. Balanced presence of both parental genomes was revealed in all F1 hybrids with the exception of one clone, which contained only Mchare specific SNPs, and thus most probably originated from an unreduced diploid gamete of Mchare.

Notes

Funding provided by: Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic*
Crossref Funder Registry ID:
Award Number: LTT19009

Funding provided by: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Crossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/0456r8d26
Award Number:

Funding provided by: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
Crossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/00ac63h31
Award Number: INV-002979

Methods

Analysis of proportion of individual parental subgenomes in the F1 hybrid clones was done using vcfHunter pipeline (https://github.com/SouthGreenPlatform/vcfHunter) according to Baurens et al. (2019). Briefly, trimmed reads were aligned to reference genome sequence of M. acuminata ssp. malaccensis 'DH Pahang' v4 (Belser et al., 2021) by BWA-MEM v0.7.15 (Li 2013), followed by removing redundant reads using MarkDuplicate from Picard Tools v2.7.0, and locally realigned around indels using the IndelRealigner tool of GATK v3.3 package (McKenna et al., 2010). Bases with a mapping quality ≥10 were counted using the process_reseq_1.0.py python script (https://github.com/SouthGreenPlatform/vcfHunter). Variant calling and SNP filtering steps were performed according to Baurens et al. (2019) using the VcfPreFilter.1.0 python script (alleles supported by at least three reads and with a frequency 0.25 were kept as variant) and vcfFilter.1.0.py python script (<6-fold coverage for the minor allele were converted to missing data) (https://github.com/SouthGreenPlatform/vcfHunter). Finally, proportion of parental genomes in the F1 hybrid clones along the individual chromosomes of the reference genome sequence was called using biallelic SNPs (SNPs specific to Mchare cultivars and M. acuminata spp. burmannicoides 'Calcutta 4') in CDS genome regions using vcf2allPropAndCov.py and vcf2allPropAndCovByChr.py python scripts (https://github.com/SouthGreenPlatform/vcfHunter) according to Baurens et al. (2019).

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