Psolidium disciformis
Creators
- 1. Marine Biology Section, Museum Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, 3001, Victoria, Australia (email: pmo @ bigpond. net. au)
- 2. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, MRC- 163, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington DC, 20013 - 7012, USA
Description
Psolidium disciformis (Théel)
Figures 1a, b; 4a
Psolus disciformis Théel, 1886: 85, pl. 9 fig. 6.
Theelia disciformis.— Ludwig, 1892: 350.— Perrier, 1902: 494.
Theelia (?Psolidium) disciformis.— Ludwig, 1894: 136.— Ludwig, 1898: 52.
Psolidium disciformis.— Deichmann, 1947: 337.— Pawson, 1969: 38, map 3.
Material examined. Syntypes (2): Chile, Challenger stn 311, 52°45’30"S 73°46’W, 448 m, BM(NH) [18]86.10.2.86.
Diagnosis. Psolidium species up to 18 mm long (25 mm in Théel, 1886); dorsal and lateral scales conspicuous, up to 1 mm wide; dorsal and lateral tube feet numerous, conspicuous, up to 2 penetrate each scale.
Sole: outer peripheral single series of smaller tube feet; inner peripheral single series of larger tube feet; zig-zag series of mid-ventral (sole) radial tube feet.
Sole ossicles: numerous irregularly oval to round, disc-like smooth plates, variably with few small perforations, up to 220 μ m long; rare shallow cupped crosses and more numerous 4-holed regular shallow cups with blunt marginal spines, cups 150 μ m long.
Colour (live). White (P. Lambert, pers. comm.).
Distribution. SE Pacific Ocean, Chile, Comau Fiord to Strait of Magellan (42° to 56°S), on rock; 8–448 m (P. Lambert, pers. comm.).
Remarks. Théel (1886) noted the presence of dorsal and lateral tube feet in his new species, but Ludwig (1886) erected the genus Psolidium for Psolidae with this diagnostic character in the same year. Deichmann (1947) assigned Psolus disciformis Théel, 1886, to Psolidium Ludwig, 1886. The form of the ossicles in the sole is diagnostically distinctive, and ossicles from dorsum and tentacles were not examined. Recent intensive field work on the Chilean coast under the auspice of the San Ignacio del Huinay Foundation has discovered an abundance of P. disciformis on the rocks in the coastal shallow from 8 to 27 m (P. Lambert, pers. comm.).
Notes
Files
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Psolidae
- Genus
- Psolidium
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Dendrochirotida
- Phylum
- Echinodermata
- Scientific name authorship
- Theel
- Species
- disciformis
- Taxon rank
- species
- Type status
- syntype
- Taxonomic concept label
- Psolidium disciformis (Theel, 1886) sec. O'Loughlin & Ahearn, 2008
References
- Theel, H. 1886. Report on the Holothurioidea dredged by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the scientific results of the voyage of HMS Challenger, Zoology 14 (39): 1 - 290, 16 pls.
- Ludwig, H. 1892. Echinodermen. Pp. 325 - 61, pls 15 - 17 in: Dr H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs 2 (3) 3 Das System. C. F. Winter'sche Verlagshandlung: Leipzig and Heidelberg. 460 pp, 17 pls.
- Perrier, R. 1902. Holothuries. Pp. 273 - 554, pls 12 - 22 in: Expeditions scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman pendant les annees 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883. Masson et Cie, Editeurs, Paris.
- Ludwig, H. 1894. Reports on an exploration off the west coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the US Fish Commission steamer Albatross, during 1891. XII. The Holothurioidea. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University 17 (3): 1 - 183, pls 1 - 19.
- Ludwig, H. 1898. Holothurien. Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise 1892 / 93 1: 1 - 98, 3 pls.
- Deichmann, E. 1947. Shallow water holothurians from Carbo de Hornos and adjacent waters. Anales del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. Invertebrados Marinos 8: 325 - 51.
- Pawson, D. L. 1969. Holothuroidea. Pp. 36 - 38, 1 pl. in: V. C. Bushnell and J. W. Hedgpeth (eds), Distribution of Selected Groups of Marine Invertebrates in Waters South of 35 ºS Latitude. Antarctic Map Folio Series (II). American Geographical Society, New York.
- Ludwig, H. 1886. Die von G. Chierchia auf der Fahrt der Kgl. Italianische Corvette Vettor Pisani gesammelten Holothurien. Zoologische Jahrbucher 2: 1 - 36, 2 pls.
- Vaney, C. 1914. Holothuries. Deuxieme Expedition Antarctique Francaise (1908 - 10). SciencesNaturelles: DocumentsScientifiques. Masson et Cie, Editeurs, Paris. 54 pp., 5 pls.
- Ekman, S. 1925. Holothurien. Further zoological results of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901 - 1903 1 (6): 1 - 194.
- Studer, T. 1876. Uber Echinodermen aus dem antarktischen Meere und zwei neue Seeigel von den Papua-Inseln, gesammelt auf der Reise SMS Gazelle um die Erde. Monatsberichte der Koniglich Preussichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Berlin. Pp. 452 - 65.